Resistance of the house fly Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) to lambda-cyhalothrin: mode of inheritance, realized heritability, and cross-resistance to other insecticides

Abstract

Lambda-cyhalothrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, has been used frequently for the control of house flies, Musca domestica L., worldwide including Pakistan. To assess the resistance risk and design a resistance management strategy, a house fly population was exposed to lambda-cyhalothrin in the laboratory to assess inheritance and heritability, and cross-resistance to other insecticides, including different chemical classes. After 11 generations of selection, the population developed 113.57-fold resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin compared to the susceptible population. There was no cross-resistance to bifenthrin and methomyl, but very low cross-resistance to abamectin and indoxacarb in the lambda-cyhalothrin selected population compared to the field population. Synergism bioassay with piperonyl butoxide and S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithioate indicated that lambda-cyhalothrin resistance was associated with microsomal oxidases and esterases. The LC50 values of F1 (Lambda-SEL ♀ × Susceptible ♂) and F'1 (Lambda-SEL ♂ × Susceptible ♀) populations were not significantly different and dominance (DLC) values were 0.68 and 0.62. The resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin was completely recessive (DML = 0.00) at highest dose and completely dominant at lowest dose (DML = 0.95). The monogenic model of inheritance showed that lambda-cyhalothrin resistance was controlled by multiple factors. The heritability values were 0.20, 0.04, 0.003, 0.07 and 0.08 for lambda-cyhalothrin, bifenthrin, methomyl, indoxacarb and abamectin resistance, respectively. It was concluded that lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in house flies was autosomally inherited, incompletely dominant and controlled by multiple factors. These findings would be helpful to improve the management of house flies.

Genetics and mechanism of resistance to deltamethrin in the house fly, Musca domestica L., from Pakistan

“…However, there is a lack of information at Pakistan level. Recently, we have investigated the mechanisms and inheritance mode of resistance to fipronil (Abbas et al 2014a), lambda-cyhalothrin (Abbas et al 2014b) and spinosad (Khan 2014) in different strains of house flies collected from livestock in 2012-2013.…”

Selection, resistance risk assessment, and reversion toward susceptibility of pyriproxyfen in Musca domestica L.

“…A new chemical introduced for the control of M. domestica may fail due to previous insecticidal exposure inducing cross-resistance. Resistance in M. domestica has been reported repeatedly to different chemicals (Abbas et al , 2014bKaufman et al 2001Kaufman et al , 2010aKaufman et al , 2010bKhan et al 2014b;Scott et al 2000;Shono et al 2004) The juvenile hormone agonists most effective at the onset of metamorphosis cause abnormality in growth and, ultimately, eventual death of the larvae (Wilson 2004). Pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone mimic, acts as pupal-adult metamorphosis inhibitor (Seng et al 2008) and is very effective against the large number of public health pests including house flies and mosquitoes (Geden and Devine 2012;Invest and Lucas 2008).…”

Baseline susceptibility and resistance stability of Earias vittella fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to cypermethrin, deltamethrin and spinosad

“…Pyrethroids (cypermethrin and deltamethrin) and novel chemistry (spinosad) are commonly used for the management of various pests worldwide, including Pakistan. Due to extensive use, resistance to these insecticides has been reported in many insect pests such as Cydia pomonella (Bouvier et al 2001;Sauphanor et al 2000), H. armigera (Achaleke & Brévault 2010;Faheem et al 2013;Qayyum et al 2015;Wang et al 2009), M. domestica (Abbas et al 2014b;Shi et al 2011), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Sayyed et al 2005;Sayyed et al 2008;Sonoda 2010), S. litura (Ahmad et al 2007;Shad et al 2012) and Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Ishtiaq et al 2012) in different parts of the World.…”

“…Various insecticides belonging to different classes, including organophosphate, pyrethroid and novel chemistry are used to manage E. vittella infestations (Hasan 2010;Praveen et al 2007;Umrao et al 2013). However, the extensive use of these insecticides has led to many serious problems like development of insecticide resistance, destruction of beneficial fauna and environmental pollution (Abbas et al 2014b;Sparks et al 2012). Resistance to various groups of insecticides has been reported in the serious cotton pests, Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Achaleke & Brévault 2010;Faheem et al 2013), Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Abbas et al 2014c;Zaka et al 2014), Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Afzal et al 2015) and Bemisia tabaci Genn.…”

“…A reduction in resistance levels may be due to the negative effects of resistance genes on fitness components without insecticide selection pressure. When insecticide exposure is not a constant factor, the susceptibility of resistant individuals may change in the absence of selection pressure under laboratory conditions (Abbas et al 2014b;Kristensen et al 2000;Roush 1993).…”