Resistance of Galla and Small East African goats in the sub-humid tropics to gastrointestinal nematode infections and the peri-parturient rise in faecal egg counts

Baker, R. L.; Mwamachi, D.M.; Audho, James O.; Aduda, E.O.; Thorpe, W.R.

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(98)00151-4

Cited by 73 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In addition, parasitised single-rearing ewes and goats usually have lower FEC and smaller worm burdens than their twin-rearing counterparts (Romjali et al 1997;Baker et al 1998;Donaldson et al 1998;Houdijk et al 2001a). High-yielding dairy goats may have a higher extent of BIP than low-producing goats (Hoste & Chartier, 1993;Chartier et al 2000).…”

Section: A Nutritional Basis For Periparturient Breakdown Of Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient partitioning between reproductive and immune functions in animals

2001

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The physiological processes that underlie the reproductive cycle impose considerable metabolisable protein (MP) demands on a female, especially during the periparturient period. When MP supply falls short of MP demand (i.e. MP becomes scarce), certain, if not all, bodily functions are expected to be penalised. It has been proposed that partitioning of scarce MP is prioritised to reproductive rather than to immune functions. In other words, at times of MP scarcity, the penalty on expression of immunity would be expected to be greater than that on reproduction. This hypothesis forms a nutritional basis for the occurrence of periparturient breakdown of immunity to parasites (BIP), which can be observed in many host-parasite systems.In the present review we explore this nutritional basis, using periparturient sheep infected with the abomasal nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta as an example, and attempt to quantify its occurrence. Evidence supporting the nutritional basis of periparturient BIP is reviewed, covering experiments in which nutrient supply (from both exogenous and endogenous sources) and/or nutrient demand were manipulated. Quantitatively, MP requirements for expression of immunity to T. circumcincta were estimated to be about 1 g/kg metabolic body weight (body weight 0·75 ) per d, approximately 5% of the maximum MP requirements of periparturient sheep. The major component of this requirement was assumed to be for replenishing irreversible plasma protein losses into the gastrointestinal tract. Although confirmation of this estimate is required, such estimates may be used to improve the known MP requirements of periparturient animals, enabling the extent and the consequences of periparturient BIP to be minimised. Nutrient partitioning around parturition: Immunity to parasites: Protein requirements of sheepBIP, breakdown of immunity to parasites; FEC, faecal egg count; Ig, immunoglobulin; MP, metabolisable protein

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Section: A Nutritional Basis For Periparturient Breakdown Of Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient partitioning between reproductive and immune functions in animals

2001

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“…Compte tenu de la sensibilité apparente des jeunes animaux et des animaux en état de croissance pour des infestations vermineuses, il est sans doute raisonnable d'attribuer l'effet sexe à cette catégorie de jeunes animaux mâles qui constituaient la majorité des mâles au sein des troupeaux, bien qu'Asanji (2) ait déjà décrit l'effet sexe en Sierra Leone. Les excrétions élevées chez les ovins en état de lactation pourraient être attribuées au phénomène d'augmentation des opg lors du péripartum, phénomène d'immunosuppression qui affecte les brebis après le vêlage (3,21,33).…”

Section: ■ Discussionunclassified

Parasitisme des petits ruminants dans la zone périurbaine de Sokodé, Togo. I. Ovins

Bastiaensen

Dorny

Batawui³

et al. 2003

Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop.

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Une étude parasitologique transversale menée sur 359 échantillons d’origine ovine de la zone périurbaine de Sokodé (région centrale du Togo) a permis le diagnostic de la coccidiose (prévalence de 33 p. 100) et des nématodes gastro-intestinaux (88 p. 100) représentés par Trichostrongylus sp., Cooperia sp., Oesophagostomum sp. et Haemonchus sp. En outre, des nématodes pulmonaires (Protostrongylus rufescens) ont été rencontrés (16 p. 100), ainsi que le cestode Monieza sp. (8 p. 100). Les trématodes ont été représentés par Paramphistomum sp. (15 p. 100), Fasciola sp. (1 p. 100) et Schistosoma sp. (un seul échantillon positif). Les trois agents principaux de la gale ont été présents (Sarcoptes sp., Psoroptes sp. et Chorioptes sp.). Les tiques ont été représentées par Amblyomma sp. et Boophilus sp. Des analyses sérologiques ont révélé que 22 p. 100 des animaux étaient positifs pour Toxoplasma gondii et que 79 p. 100 étaient positifs pour Oestrus ovis, malgré l’absence des larves (sondage de la cavité nasale). En combinant les effets sur l’hématocrite de différentes classes d’infections parasitaires de la trypanosomose, des nématodes gastro-intestinaux et de leurs infections mixtes, il a été constaté que la trypanosomose (13 p. 100) demeurait la parasitose ayant l’impact le plus important sur les paramètres de santé. Plusieurs analyses statistiques, qui ont pris en compte des facteurs environnementaux, génétiques et de gestion, ont permis d’avoir une meilleure compréhension des interactions hôte-environnement.

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“…Prevalence and intensity of 'strongyle-type' eggs were much higher in AM than KS, which may re ect di erences in species diversity, host genetics or health status, timing of sampling, or sampling years (Baker et al, 2001;Baker et al, 1998;Dunn, 1969;Irvine et al, 2001). Nematodirinae eggs, produced by the small intestinal nematodes Nematodirus spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

13th Arctic Ungulate Conference, 22-26 August 2011, Yellowknife, Canada

Åhman¹,

Wiklund²,

Hegel³

2013

Ran

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The 13th International Arctic Ungulate Conference was held in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada, from 22-26 August 2011. This biennial conference is the primary venue for meetings of the International Arctic Ungulate Society. Over 200 delegates attended the conference with representation from Canada, the United States, Norway, Sweden, Greenland, Finland, Russia, and Japan. The theme of the conference was “Challenges of Managing Northern Ungulates”. The goal of the conference organizers was to address the difficulties of managing ungulate populations that are faced with the unpredictable effects of climate change and an ever-increasing human presence on the land. The conference also focussed on the challenges associated with developing recovery actions for declining caribou and reindeer populations that are an integral part of Aboriginal cultures and ways of life.

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Resistance of Galla and Small East African goats in the sub-humid tropics to gastrointestinal nematode infections and the peri-parturient rise in faecal egg counts

Cited by 73 publications

References 9 publications

Nutrient partitioning between reproductive and immune functions in animals

Nutrient partitioning between reproductive and immune functions in animals

Parasitisme des petits ruminants dans la zone périurbaine de Sokodé, Togo. I. Ovins

13th Arctic Ungulate Conference, 22-26 August 2011, Yellowknife, Canada

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