Resistance of blended concrete containing an industrial petrochemical residue to chloride ion penetration and carbonation

Abstract

In this study, the resistance of blended concrete containing catalytic cracking residue (FCC) to chloride ion penetration and carbonation was examined. FCC was added at the levels of 10%, 20%, and 30% as partial replacement for cement. Concretes with 10% of silica fume (SF), 10% of metakaolin (MK), and without additives were evaluated as reference materials. The rapid chloride permeability test (RCPT) performed according to ASTM C1202 standards and an accelerated carbonation test in a climatic chamber under controlled conditions (23 °C, 60% RH and 4.0% CO2), were used in order to evaluate the performance of these concretes. Additionally, their compressive strength was determined. The results indicate that binary blends with 10% FCC had similar compressive strength to concrete without additives and had lower chloride permeability. 10% SF and 10% MK exhibited better mechanical behavior and a significant decrease in chloride penetration when compared to 10% FCC. It is noted that there was an increase in concrete carbonation when FCC or MK were used as additives. It was also observed that with longer curing time, the samples with and without additives, presented higher resistance to carbonation. The accelerated corrosion test by impressed voltage was also performed to verify the findings and to investigate the characteristics of corrosion using a 3.5% NaCl solution as electrolyte. The mixtures that contained 10% FCC were highly resistant to chloride ion penetration and did not present cracking within the testing period.Keywords: fluid catalytic cracking, metakaolin, silica fume, pozzolanic additions, blended concrete, carbonation resistance, chloride ion penetration. RESUMENSe estudió la resistencia a la penetración del ión cloruro y a la carbonatación de concretos adicionados, con un residuo de catalizador de craqueo catalítico (FCC). El FCC fue adicionado en proporciones de 10%, 20% y 30%; como reemplazo parcial del cemento. Se evaluaron concretos como referencia con 10% de humo de sílice (HS), 10% de metacaolín (MK) y sin adición, así mismo, para evaluar el desempeño de estos concretos, se realizaron los ensayos de permeabilidad rápida a cloruros (PRC) de acuerdo con la norma ASTM C1202, y un ensayo de carbonatación acelerado bajo condiciones controladas (23 °C, 60% HR and 4.0% CO2). Adicionalmente, se determinó la resistencia a la compresión y de esta manera los resultados muestran que las mezclas binarias con 10% de FCC tuvieron una resistencia a la compresión, similar al concreto sin adición y más baja permeabilidad a los cloruros. Las mezclas con 10% HS y 10% MK, mostraron un mejor comportamiento mecánico y significativo, se evidenció menor penetración de cloruros comparado con FCC al 10%. Se observó también, un incremento en la carbonatación del concreto cuando se utilizó adición de FCC o MK y es claro que a mayor tiempo de curado, las muestras con y sin adición, presentan mayor resistencia a la carbonatación. El ensayo de corrosión acelerado por voltaje impreso, fue realizado para investigar y verif...

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