Residual strain mapping of Roman styli from Iulia Concordia, Italy

Salvemini, Filomena; Grazzi, Francesco; Angelini, Ivana; Davydov, Vadim; Vontobel, Peter; Vigoni, Alberto; Artioli, Gilberto; Zoppi, M.

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2014.02.008

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…17 Rosenfeld 2002;Božič and Feugère 2004. 18 Schaltenbrand Obrecht 2012a;2012b. 19 Experiments to recreate styli by forging have been conducted by Sim 1997, and more recently neutron tomography analysis has been performed on styli from Iulia Concordia (Italy) to shed light on the relation between the morphological characteristics of styli and their manufacturing process: see Salvemini et al 2014;. 20 Manning 1976Birley 1999;Major 2002.…”

Section: Methodology and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Writing in Roman Britain and Continental Europe: A Comparative Analysis of Styli Found in London

Colombo¹

2023

Britannia

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This paper investigates Roman writing habits through the evidence of metal styli. An assemblage of more than 400 styli from London constitutes the basis of the analysis, which explores their similarities with examples from other sites in Britain and continental Europe during the Imperial period. The geographical and social distribution of styli suggests that certain types were employed or made in specific locations by different social actors, and that the major political and military centres of the Empire shared a common material culture of writing. The analysis also suggests that styli types of the northern European regions possibly developed from ‘military styli’ brought by soldiers and bureaucrats during the conquest.

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Section: Methodology and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Writing in Roman Britain and Continental Europe: A Comparative Analysis of Styli Found in London

Colombo¹

2023

Britannia

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“…[4,5] Through the analysis of the strain field of the material, researchers can better understand and improve the properties of materials. [6][7][8] With the development of microstructural characterization techniques in recent years, the strain field in the distorted region can be analyzed by various experimental means, such as X-ray diffraction, [9][10][11][12] Raman scattering, [13] electron backscatter-diffraction, [14][15][16][17] neutron diffraction, [18,19] 4D scanning transmission DOI: 10.1002/crat.202100264 electron microscopy, [20] nano-beam electron diffraction, [21] high-resolution transmission electron microcopy and quantum mechanism, [22,23] and an improved flat-island approach. [24] Along with the great progress of the computer digital-image processing technology, the point-to-point resolution recognition technology of the super microscope technology has also made a breakthrough improvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Center Atom Model for Strain Mapping of Void and Crack of Atomic Lattice Image

Ying-jun

Kun

et al. 2022

Cryst. Res. Technol.

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Aiming at the strain distribution around the atomic lattice defect with void and crack in crystal materials, a new elastic strain calculation method named as center atom model (CAM) is proposed in this work, and is applied for mapping the strain field of the defect with void in an atomic image lattice in real space under external forcing. As an example, the strain mapping of voids and cracks of an atomic lattice image from phase field crystal (PFC) model is quantitatively characterized by CAM. The results show that CAM can well be used to extract the strain information from various types of the defect surface of atomic lattice images. Wherever the strain distribution around the dislocation of the grain boundary or the strain around the void and crack is, CAM can accurately extract the strain distribution of the distortion area of the atomic lattice. CAM can also be easily extended and applied to the strain mapping of the defects in the heterogeneous interface.

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“…The good penetration of neutrons is the main reason why neutron diffraction is usually preferred to X-ray diffraction (XRD) [for other applications of neutron techniques in archaeometallurgy, see e.g. Salvemini, Grazzi, Angelini, Davydov et al (2014) and ]. This makes the measurement of the bulk composition of ancient metals possible in a completely non-destructive way, avoiding numerous problems linked to alteration patinas that generally arise with surface techniques such as XRD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron diffraction of Cu–Zn–Sn ternary alloys: non-invasive assessment of the compositions of historical bronze/brass copper ternary alloys

2017

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Neutron diffraction can be used as a tool for the characterization of metal materials in a totally non-invasive mode. In binary alloys with two elements in solid solution, crystallographic structure analysis provides information on the overall element compositions of the metal, based on the linear relationship between elemental fractions and lattice parameters known as Vegard's rule. However, for ternary solid-solution alloys the derivation of the overall metal composition is not straightforward because the problem is mathematically underdetermined. A number of artificially produced samples in the ternary system Cu-Zn-Sn, widely used in antiquity for gunmetal, were investigated by time-of-flight neutron diffraction, inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron microprobe analysis. The multi-analysis approach allows definition of the limits and capabilities of neutron diffraction for obtaining the overall composition of a small sample set of ternary alloys, and thus moves the methodical approach a step forward even though it is applicable to the present sample set only. A relation showing an increasing Cu and Sn fraction counterbalanced by decreasing Zn content is presented, which allows the determination of the -phase composition from a lattice parameter measurement. Furthermore, the observed Zn loss up to 1.8 wt% for each melting step is of significance for the reconstruction of ancient technologies. research papers J. Appl. Cryst. (2017). 50, 49-60 Elisabetta Gliozzo et al. Neutron diffraction of Cu-Zn-Sn ternary alloys

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Residual strain mapping of Roman styli from Iulia Concordia, Italy

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Writing in Roman Britain and Continental Europe: A Comparative Analysis of Styli Found in London

Writing in Roman Britain and Continental Europe: A Comparative Analysis of Styli Found in London

Center Atom Model for Strain Mapping of Void and Crack of Atomic Lattice Image

Neutron diffraction of Cu–Zn–Sn ternary alloys: non-invasive assessment of the compositions of historical bronze/brass copper ternary alloys

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