Residential Radon Exposure and Lung Cancer in Sweden

Pershagen, Göran; Åkerblom, Gustav; Axelson, Olav; Clavensjö, Bertil; Damber, Lena; Desai, Gunilla; Enflo, Anita; Lagarde, Frédéric; Mellander, Hans; Svartengren, Magnus; Swedjemark, Gun Astri

doi:10.1056/nejm199401203300302

Cited by 307 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

125

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A first report of a large-scale study on indoor radon and lung cancer in Sweden involved 1360 lung cancer cases and 2847 controls (63). Similar to earlier studies, it showed a moderate but significant effect of indoor radon on lung cancer with an odds ratio of 1.3 for a time-weighted exposure at 140 to 400 Bq/m3 and 1.8 at levels above 400 Bq/m3 of radon gas.…”

Section: Studies Of Indoor Radon and Lung Cancersupporting

confidence: 54%

Cancer Risks from Exposure to Radon in Homes

Axelson¹

1995

Environmental Health Perspectives

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to radon and its decay products in mines is a well recognized risk of lung cancer in miners. A large number of epidemiologic studies from various countries are quite consistent in this respect even it the magnitude of the risk differs according to exposure levels. Indoor radon became a concern in the 1 970s and about a dozen studies have been conducted since 1979, mainly of the case-control design. From first being of a simple pilot character, the designs have become increasingly sophisticated, especially with regard to exposure assessment. Crude exposure estimates based on type of house, building material and geological features have been supplemented or replaced by quite extensive measurements. Still, exposure assessment remains a difficult and uncertain issue in these studies, most of which indicate a lung cancer risk from indoor radon. Also a recent large scale study has confirmed a lung cancer risk from indoor radon. More recently there are also some studies, mainly of the correlation type, suggesting other cancers also to be related to indoor radon, especially leukemia, kidney cancer, and malignant melanoma, and some other cancers as well. The data are less consistent and much more uncertain than for indoor radon and lung cancer, however; and there is no clear support from studies of miners in this respect. -Environ Health Perspect 103 (Suppl 2:37-43 (1995)

show abstract

Section: Studies Of Indoor Radon and Lung Cancersupporting

confidence: 54%

Cancer Risks from Exposure to Radon in Homes

Axelson¹

1995

Environmental Health Perspectives

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among them, most were excluded after abstract because they were occupational studies on miners, no case control studies, no relevant exposure or endpoint, and reviews. After assessing the full-text of the 38 relevant articles, we identified 22 eligible studies for meta-analysis (Blot et al, 1990;Schoenberg et al, 1990;Pershagen et al,1992Pershagen et al, , 1994Alavanja et al, 1994Alavanja et al, , 1999Létourneau et al, 1994;Auvinen et al, 1996;Ruosteenoja et al, 1996;Darby et al, 1998;Field et al, 2000;Sobue et al, 2000;Lagarde et al, 2001;Pisa et al, 2001;Barros-Dios et al, 2002;Wang et al, 2002;Baysson et al, 2004;Bochicchio et al, 2005;Wichmann et al, 2005;Sandler et al, 2006;Thompson et al, 2008;Wilcox et al, 2008). Seven studies were excluded for previous mete-analysis (Lubin and Boice, 1997;Pavia et al, 2003) and combined analysis in Europe, North America or China Darby et al, 2005;Krewski et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2005;Darby et al, 2006).…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Radon and Lung Cancer Risk: An Updated Meta-analysis of Case-control Studies

Zhang¹,

Sun²,

Dong³

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Numbers of epidemiological studies assessing residential radon exposure and risk of lung cancer have yielded inconsistent results. Methods: We therefore performed a meta-analysis of relevant published casecontrol studies searched in the PubMed database through July 2011 to examine the association. The combined odds ratio (OR) were calculated using fixed-or random-effects models. Subgroup and dose-response analyses were also performed. Results: We identified 22 case-control studies of residential radon and lung cancer risk involving 13,380 cases and 21,102 controls. The combined OR of lung cancer for the highest with the lowest exposure was 1.29 (95% CI 1.10-1.51). Dose-response analysis showed that every 100 Bq/m 3 increment in residential radon exposure was associated with a significant 7% increase in lung cancer risk. Subgroup analysis displayed a more pronounced association in the studies conducted in Europe. Studies restricted to female or non-smokers demonstrated weakened associations between exposure and lung cancer. Conclusions: This metaanalysis provides new evidence supporting the conclusion that residential exposure to radon can significantly increase the risk of lung cancer in a dose-response manner.

show abstract

“…The three risk factor combinations presented in Study 1 have all been found, in practice, to present synergistic risks: alcohol-driving (Cherpitel, Tam, Midanik, Caetano, & Greenfield, 1995; Institute for Alcohol Studies, 2010; Office for National Statistics, 2009), aspirinclopidogrel (Delaney, Opatrny, Brophy, & Suiss, 2007;Hallas et al, 2006) and radon-tobacco (Barros-Dios et al, 2002;Darby et al, 2005;Pershagen et al, 1994). 1 These combinations were selected to provide a set of synergistic risk combinations that were each likely to be of different degrees of familiarity to the participants and, therefore, could facilitate an assessment of the extent to which prior knowledge/experience of the combination would influence the participant's risk model judgements.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 98%

Using risk model judgements to better understand perceptions of synergistic risks

Dawson

Johnson

Luke

2014

British J of Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Numerous scientific studies show that risk factors can interact to synergistically increase the likelihood of certain adverse and life‐threatening outcomes. Yet, the extent to which individuals know that specific risk factor combinations present ‘synergistic risks’ is unclear and little is known about the determinants of such knowledge. This is largely because epistemological progress concerning this topic has been frustrated by a reliance on metrics that have latterly been judged to be of questionable validity. To address this issue, this paper presents two studies that assess an alternative approach (i.e., risk model judgements) which requires respondents to judge the risk for a factor combination relative to, rather than in isolation from, the risk attributable to each constituent factor. Results from both studies indicate that risk model judgements overcome the drawbacks of traditional metrics. More importantly, the results provide epistemological insights into what can determine whether an individual understands that a factor combination presents a synergistic risk; these determinants include experiential and intuitive insights into the effects of combining specific risk factors, domain‐specific judgemental experience and exposure to effective learning opportunities. These findings can be utilized in interventions aimed at helping individuals to make better decisions concerning multiple risk factors.

show abstract

Residential Radon Exposure and Lung Cancer in Sweden

Abstract: Residential exposure to radon is an important cause of lung cancer in the general population. The risks appear consistent with earlier estimates based on data in miners.

Cited by 307 publications

References 22 publications

Cancer Risks from Exposure to Radon in Homes

Cancer Risks from Exposure to Radon in Homes

Residential Radon and Lung Cancer Risk: An Updated Meta-analysis of Case-control Studies

Using risk model judgements to better understand perceptions of synergistic risks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About