Residence time control on hot moments of net nitrate production and uptake in the hyporheic zone

Briggs, Martin A.; Lautz, Laura K.; Hare, Danielle K.

doi:10.1002/hyp.9921

Cited by 100 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…The hyporheic zone is a region where surface water and groundwater exchange occurs and where chemical reactions and microbial activities are enhanced [17,18], which serve important functions for hydraulic relationships and nutrient transport and transformation between the two systems [17,21,34]. In Lake Taihu, the surrounding groundwater table is subject to uneven yearly precipitation and seasonal agricultural irrigation, whereas the lake level is mostly artificially controlled.…”

Section: Effect Of Potential Flow Patterns In the Hyporheic Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sediment-water interactions driven by hydrodynamics, disturbance, or diffusion have been shown to play important roles in nutrient cycling dynamics [16][17][18][19]. Xu et al [10] estimated that the annual internal TN loading from sediment in Lake Taihu was about 5.52 × 10 6 to 8.93 × 10 6 kg year −1 during 2009-2012, equivalent to 13-20% of its external TN loading, suggesting that the release of nutrients from sediments also contributes significantly to nutrients in the surface water [17,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, nutrient releases from sediment are subject to many environmental factors, including wind current flow and the exchange flow patterns between the hyporheic zone and surface water systems [17,21,22]. Biogeochemical reactions are thought to occur at elevated rates within the hyporheic zone because this is where microbes and solutes are able to interact within a porous substrate [17,18,23]. Different flow patterns and heat transfer mechanisms in the two systems lead to complex interactions of diverse solute transport and transformations in the hyporheic zone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different flow patterns and heat transfer mechanisms in the two systems lead to complex interactions of diverse solute transport and transformations in the hyporheic zone. An upwelling or downwelling flow pattern in the hyporheic zone makes surface sediment a source or a sink to its overlying water [18,21,24]. Static flow patterns in the hyporheic zone generally have no significant function on sediment release, which is mainly dependent on solute diffusion or subject to disturbances by wind currents and benthic animals [19,23,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Drivers of the Level and Distribution of Nitrogen in the Hyporheic Zone of Lake Taihu, China

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:The hyporheic zone is the connection between surface water and groundwater that often plays an important function in nutrient transport and transformation, and acts as an active source of or sink for nutrients to the surface water, depending on its potential water flow patterns. Bottom surface water and sediments in the shallow hyporheic zone (approximately 100 cm depth) were sampled at 12 sites near the shoreline and two sites at the center of Lake Taihu (China) during spring and winter of 2016. Concentrations of total nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite in the bottom surface water and porewater (obtained from sediments using a frozen centrifugation method) were analyzed in a laboratory to establish the nitrogen distribution and potential drivers. The results show that, in general, the quality of bottom water and porewater near the shoreline was poor compared to that at the center, and it gradually improved from the northwestern to the southeastern zones of Lake Taihu. No significant relationship in nitrogen concentration was found between the bottom water and porewater in surface sediments. Nitrogen concentrations in porewater differed between sampling sites and sediment depths in Lake Taihu. Vertical profiles of nitrogen in porewater and differences in nitrogen between the winter and spring seasons indicated that potential upwelling water flow occurred in the hyporheic zone in the south, west, north, and center zones of Lake Taihu, but potentially weak water flow in variable directions likely occurred in the east zone. A strong reducing environment dominated the deep parts of the hyporheic zone (i.e., below 40 cm depth), while a weak oxidizing environment dominated the shallow parts. Furthermore, the decreasing total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen from the deep to shallow depths in the hyporheic zones in the south, west, north, and center zones indicated that potential anammox and/or denitrification processes occurred. In the east zone, potential weak nitrification processes occurred in the hyporheic zone, and plant fixation and sedimentation of nitrogen also contributed to the surface sediments. In conclusion, the hyporheic zone near the shoreline in the south, west, and north sites of Lake Taihu acts as an active source of nitrogen for the lake water due to potential upwelling water flows, whereas the east site acts as an active source or sink due to seasonally variable directions in water flow. Water flow and biogeochemistry in the hyporheic zone jointly influence nutrient distribution in the hyporheic zone and even switch or alternate the source/sink function of sediment in surface water.

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Section: Effect Of Potential Flow Patterns In the Hyporheic Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Drivers of the Level and Distribution of Nitrogen in the Hyporheic Zone of Lake Taihu, China

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2017

Water

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“…There is a large body of literature studying denitrification processes in the hyporheic zone (e.g. Briggs et al, 2013;Harvey et al, 2013;Lewandowski and Nützmann, 2010;Zarnetske et al, 2011Zarnetske et al, , 2012. Without additional information, such as isotopic data, dissolved oxygen concentration dynamics or dissolved organic carbon concentration changes, it is difficult to distinguish biotic and abiotic processes properly.…”

Section: T Schuetz Et Al: Nitrate Sinks and Sources As Controls Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate sinks and sources as controls of spatio-temporal water quality dynamics in an agricultural headwater catchment

Schuetz¹,

Gascuel‐Odoux²,

Durand³

et al. 2016

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Several controls are known to affect water quality of stream networks during flow recession periods, such as solute leaching processes, surface water-groundwater interactions as well as biogeochemical in-stream turnover processes. Throughout the stream network, combinations of specific water and solute export rates and local in-stream conditions overlay the biogeochemical signals from upstream sections. Therefore, upstream sections can be considered functional units which could be distinguished and ordered regarding their relative contribution to nutrient dynamics at the catchment outlet. Based on snapshot sampling of flow and nitrate concentrations along the stream in an agricultural headwater during the summer flow recession period, we determined spatial and temporal patterns of water quality for the whole stream. A data-driven, in-stream-mixingand-removal model was developed and applied for analysing the spatio-temporal in-stream retention processes and their effect on the spatio-temporal fluxes of nitrate from subcatchments. Thereby, we have been able to distinguish quantitatively between nitrate sinks, sources per stream reaches, and subcatchments, and thus we could disentangle the overlay of nitrate sink and source signals. For nitrate sources, we determined their permanent and temporal impact on stream water quality and for nitrate sinks, we found increasing nitrate removal efficiencies from upstream to downstream. Our results highlight the importance of distinct nitrate source locations within the watershed for in-stream concentrations and in-stream removal processes, respectively. Thus, our findings contribute to the development of a more dynamic perception of water quality in streams and rivers concerning ecological and sustainable water resource management.

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Dual‐domain mass‐transfer parameters from electrical hysteresis: Theory and analytical approach applied to laboratory, synthetic streambed, and groundwater experiments

Briggs

Day‐Lewis

Ong

et al. 2014

Water Resources Research

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Models of dual-domain mass transfer (DDMT) are used to explain anomalous aquifer transport behavior such as the slow release of contamination and solute tracer tailing. Traditional tracer experiments to characterize DDMT are performed at the flow path scale (meters), which inherently incorporates heterogeneous exchange processes; hence, estimated ''effective'' parameters are sensitive to experimental design (i.e., duration and injection velocity). Recently, electrical geophysical methods have been used to aid in the inference of DDMT parameters because, unlike traditional fluid sampling, electrical methods can directly sense less-mobile solute dynamics and can target specific points along subsurface flow paths. Here we propose an analytical framework for graphical parameter inference based on a simple petrophysical model explaining the hysteretic relation between measurements of bulk and fluid conductivity arising in the presence of DDMT at the local scale. Analysis is graphical and involves visual inspection of hysteresis patterns to (1) determine the size of paired mobile and less-mobile porosities and (2) identify the exchange rate coefficient through simple curve fitting. We demonstrate the approach using laboratory column experimental data, synthetic streambed experimental data, and field tracer-test data. Results from the analytical approach compare favorably with results from calibration of numerical models and also independent measurements of mobile and less-mobile porosity. We show that localized electrical hysteresis patterns resulting from diffusive exchange are independent of injection velocity, indicating that repeatable parameters can be extracted under varied experimental designs, and these parameters represent the true intrinsic properties of specific volumes of porous media of aquifers and hyporheic zones.

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Residence time control on hot moments of net nitrate production and uptake in the hyporheic zone

Cited by 100 publications

References 36 publications

Potential Drivers of the Level and Distribution of Nitrogen in the Hyporheic Zone of Lake Taihu, China

Potential Drivers of the Level and Distribution of Nitrogen in the Hyporheic Zone of Lake Taihu, China

Nitrate sinks and sources as controls of spatio-temporal water quality dynamics in an agricultural headwater catchment

Dual‐domain mass‐transfer parameters from electrical hysteresis: Theory and analytical approach applied to laboratory, synthetic streambed, and groundwater experiments

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