Research Protocol for Measuring the Prevalence of Neurologic Disorders in Developing Countries

Osuntokun, B. O.; Schoenberg, Bruce S.; Nottidge, V. A.; Adeuja, A. O. G.; Kale, Oladele O.; Adeyefa, A.; Bademosi, O.; Olumide, A. A.; Oyediran, A. B. O. O.; Pearson, C.A.; Bolis, C. L.

doi:10.1159/000110696

Cited by 134 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In recent years, many prevalence studies have been reported from developing countries with the same methods suggested by WHO. Some of the prevalence rates reported from rural areas of developing countries are as follows: 5.8/1,000 in Guatemala (lo), 10.2/1,000 in Tanzania ( 1 l), 2.47/1,000 in Kashmir, India (12), 57/1,0OO in the Guaymi Indian population of Panama (13), and 37/1,000 in Nigeria (14). In general, population-based WHO protocol studies have given an average prevalence rate of 18.5/1,000 (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Epilepsy in Silivri, a Rural Area of Turkey

et al. 1999

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Summary: Purpo.re: To learn the prevalcnce of epilepsy in Silivri, a western town of Turkey, a randomized door-to-door wvey was conducted u\ing a standard questionnaire. The method of the study was adopted from the suggestions of the World Health Organization (WHO) for prevalence studies in developing countries, and the criteria were derived from ures at the onset or during the course of the disease, a figure that reveals the high prevalence of mystical beliefs about the disease in the study area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Epilepsy in Silivri, a Rural Area of Turkey

et al. 1999

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“…The urban population according to the national census (IBGE) 18 is 336000 inhabitants where 51.3% are women. The distribution in percentages of the inhabitants for the age groups (years) is 7.3% (0-4), 17.3% (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15), 68.8% , and 6.6% (65 or over).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…oping countries, as quality of data required may not be available in the form of medical records 4,8,[10][11][12][13][14][15] . Brazil is a country of continental dimension located in South America with approximately 170 millions inhabitants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban prevalence of epilepsy: populational study in São José do Rio Preto, a medium-sized city in Brazil

Borges

Guerreiro

et al. 2004

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of epilepsy in the urban population of São José do Rio Preto. This is a medium-sized city of 336000 inhabitants, located in the northwest of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Method:A cross-sectional epidemiological investigation with a randomized sample was performed in two phases, a screening phase and a confirmation of the diagnosis phase. The gold standard was a clinical investigation and neurological examination. The chi-square test was used in analysis of the results and p-value value < 0.05 was considered significant. Prevalence was calculated with 95% confidence interval. Results: The study sample size was 17293 individuals, with distributions of gender, age, and race similar to the general population.The prevalence per 1000 inhabitants of epilepsy was 18.6, of these 8.2 were active, defined as at least one seizure within the last two years. The prevalence per 1000 inhabitants for the age groups (years) was 4.9 (0-4), 11.7 (5-14), 20.3 (15-64) and 32.8 (65 or over). Conclusion: Prevalence of both accumulated and active epilepsy was elevated, comparable to other developing nations, in particular those of Latin America. However, the prevalence of epilepsy in childhood was low, whilst in aged individuals it was high similar to industrialized nations.KEY WORDS: epilepsy, epidemiology, prevalence, Latin America. Prevalência urbana da epilepsia: estudo populacional em São José do Rio Preto -cidade de médio porte do BrasilRESUMO -Antecedentes: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência da epilepsia na população urbana de São José do Rio Preto, com 336000 habitantes, localizada no noroeste do Estado de São Paulo/ Brasil. Método: O estudo populacional, tipo corte transversal, em amostra aleatória, constituiu-se de uma fase de rastreamento, mediante um questionário. O padrão ouro para confirmação diagnóstica foi a história clínica e o exame neurológico. Os testes do χ 2 e intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC-95%) foram usados para análise dos resultados, tendo sido considerados significantes os de valor p≤ 0,05. Resultados:A amostra estudada foi de 17293 pessoas, cuja distribuição quanto ao sexo, à faixa etária e à raça foram semelhantes à da população em geral. A prevalência de epilepsia por 1000 hab. foi 18,6, sendo 8,2 para ativa considerando-se, pelo menos, uma crise no período dos últi-mos 2 anos. A prevalência na faixa etária de 0 a 4 anos foi 4,9, de 5 a 14, 11,7; de 15 a 64, 20,3; e acima dos 65 anos foi 32,8. Conclusão: As prevalências de epilepsia acumulada e ativa foram elevadas, semelhantes às dos países em desenvolvimento, em particular, aos da América Latina. A prevalência de epilepsia na infância foi baixa, enquanto que nos idosos foi elevada, semelhantes às observadas em países desenvolvidos. Estes resultados são relevantes no planejamento de medidas sanitárias, adequação ao tratamento da população, considerando a alta prevalência encontrada, para minimizar o impacto da epilepsia na população.

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“…The crude prevalence ratios / 100,000 for stroke in 3 community-based studies in Nigeria were 58, 60, 400 (16,17,68) and 15 in Ethiopia (12) ( Table 4). The low prevalence ratios could be explained by high annual mortality rate of stroke as was found in one Nigerian community (17) where age-adjusted (to USA population) annual mortality rate for stroke exceeded that of the USA.…”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Stroke in Blacks in Africa

Osuntokun

1994

Hypertens Res

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I reviewed the literature on epidemiology of Stroke in Blacks in Africa. Stroke, said to be rare in Black Africans some four decades ago, has become increasingly common now accounting for 4% to 9% of deaths and 6.5% to 41% of neurological admissions in hospital populations. In community-based studies, it is the third or fourth commonest non-infective neurological disease, after headache, epilepsy and diseases of peripheral nerves. In both hospitals and communities, males are more afflicted than females. The age specific incidence rates are similar to those found in Caucasians and Japanese. Occlusive stroke is the commonest type accounting for about 60%, followed by cerebral haemorrhage (20%) subarachnoid haemorrhage (10%). The major risk factor is hypertension which is present in 80% or more in patients with cerebral haemorrhage and subarachnoid haemorrhage, and in 60% in those with occlusive stroke. Other risk factors are age, sickle cell disease, diabetes mellitus, non-ischaemic heart disease (including cardiomyopathies, infective endocarditis, atrial fibrillation mitral valve prolapse) infections, arteritis, smoking, alcohol consumption and cocaine use (in the young people), Transient ischaemic attracts are relatively uncommon reflecting the rarity of large vessel atherosclerotic disease. Case fatality rate is higher than in the developed countries. About 15% of young people (below age of 40 years) with stroke have no identifiable risk factor. Studies are needed on the effectiveness of population-based control of hypertension (which afflicts 10% to 30% of African communities) to reduce the incidence of stroke, especially as atherosclerotic ischaemic heart disease, although emerging is still relatively uncommon in Sub-Saharan African communities. (Hypertens Res 1994; 17 Suppl. I: S1-S10)

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Research Protocol for Measuring the Prevalence of Neurologic Disorders in Developing Countries

Cited by 134 publications

References 14 publications

Prevalence of Epilepsy in Silivri, a Rural Area of Turkey

Prevalence of Epilepsy in Silivri, a Rural Area of Turkey

Urban prevalence of epilepsy: populational study in São José do Rio Preto, a medium-sized city in Brazil

Epidemiology of Stroke in Blacks in Africa

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