Reproductive success of the Crested Ibis <i>Nipponia nippon</i>

Yu, Xiaoping; Liu, Naifa; Xi, Yongmei; Lu, Bao‐Rong

doi:10.1017/s0959270906000499

Cited by 30 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A spatial attraction (i.e. positive association) was found in Clusters A, B and C. The larger area of winter-flooded rice fields in Clusters B and C may increase the birds' food searching efficiency and reduce their energy consumption, which could, in turn, increase their reproductive fitness [47], [48]. Spatial dependencies were seen at different distances in Clusters A–C, suggesting that the distribution of winter-flooded rice fields is not the only habitat factor that has an effect on where the Crested Ibis choose to nest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Wetlands at low elevations, such as riverbanks, reservoirs and rice field channels, can act as alternative winter habitats and also provide the Crested Ibis with abundant food [51]–[53]. Despite the different dependencies seen for winter-flooded rice fields in their selection of nest sites, no significant variation in the number of successful nests and their breeding success at different altitudes was found [47]. Wang and Li [53] pointed out that the fledging success of the Crested Ibis did not differ between low- and high-elevation habitats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced Dependence of Crested Ibis on Winter-Flooded Rice Fields: Implications for Their Conservation

et al. 2014

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The Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon was once thought to be extinct in the wild until seven birds were discovered in a remote mountain village in China in 1981. Studies suggested that winter-flooded rice fields play an essential role in nest site selection by the Crested Ibis and hence in their survival. Considerable efforts were therefore made to conserve the winter-flooded rice fields, but these have caused conflicts between the agricultural and conservation communities. The population and geographical range of the wild Crested Ibis has expanded greatly since 1981, but there is no spatial information on the winter-flooded rice fields, nor on the current association of nest sites and winter-flooded rice fields. We mapped winter-flooded rice fields across the entire current range of Crested Ibis using innovative remote sensing and geographical information systems (GIS) techniques. The spatial relationships between the nest site clusters and winter-flooded rice fields were quantified using Ward's hierarchical clustering method and Ripley's K-function. We show that both have significantly clumped distribution patterns and that they are positively associated. However, the dependence of Crested Ibis on the winter-flooded rice fields varied significantly among the nest site clusters and has decreased over the years, indicating the absence of winter-flooded rice fields is not constraining their recovery and population expansion. We therefore recommend that efforts should be made to protect the existing winter-flooded rice fields and to restore the functionality of natural and semi-natural wetlands, to encourage both in-situ conservation and the re-introduction of the Crested Ibis. In addition, we recommend that caution should be exercised when interpreting the habitat requirements of species with a narrow distribution, particularly when that interpretation is based only on their current habitat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Dependence of Crested Ibis on Winter-Flooded Rice Fields: Implications for Their Conservation

et al. 2014

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“…It is observed that the softly released captive‐born individuals of our focal population, the Tongchuan population (Yu et al unpublished data) and the Sado population (Nagata & Yamagish ), were more faithful to the release sites than others. In addition, supplementary feeding could greatly improve the reproductive success of the wild and reintroduced populations (Yu et al , ). Hence, we recommend soft release and food supplementation should be adopted to keep the released ibises in the vicinity of release site immediately after release.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the sustainability of a reintroduced Crested Ibis population in Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi, Central China

Wang

et al. 2016

Restoration Ecology

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Reintroduction projects aim to reestablish a self‐sustaining population of an endangered species within its historical range. Adequate post‐release monitoring by gathering demographic data is important to evaluate the success of a reintroduction. Survival and reproduction rates of a reintroduced population can be compared with a self‐sustaining wild population to evaluate the success of a reintroduction. In early 2007, Nipponia nippon (Crested Ibis) was reintroduced into the Qinling Mountains (Shaanxi, Central China). In this study, we attempt to evaluate the demographic status of the reintroduced population. Age‐specific survival rates of 56 released adults and 77 wild‐born fledglings were estimated using mark‐recapture data obtained from 2007 to 2014. Survival rates for the yearlings (0.599, with 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.467–0.719) were lower than the estimates from a wild population in Yangxian County, but the survival rates of the adults (0.678, with 95% CI: 0.603–0.745) were similar. The number of breeding pairs gradually increased since 2008, although breeding success (52.5%) was somewhat less than that of the wild population (67.6%). The stochastic estimation of population growth rate (1.084 with 95% CI: 1.069–1.098) and population size (5‐fold increase) estimated from an age‐classified Leslie matrix indicate that the reintroduced population of the Crested Ibis is more likely in regulation phase over the next 25 years. We conclude that the reintroduction of the Crested Ibis in Qinling Mountains has great promise, and progress toward a self‐sustaining population has been made under some interventions. Governments, local communities, and scientists need to facilitate habitat restoration for the long‐term survival of this endangered species.

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“…Their refuge comprised several ancient oaks for nesting and nearby winter-flooded rice fields for foraging (Schaller 1994). Apart from a few records of the historical distribution of this species, previous studies on reproduction (Yu et al 2006), foraging and breeding habitat selection Liu et al 2003), population dynamics and demography (Wang and Li 2008), and conservation strategies (Xi et al 2002;Su 2008) in wild crested ibis have been conducted based on this rediscovered and recovering population. Scientists attributed the dramatic decline of the crested ibis population in the mid-twentieth century to the combined influence of habitat loss (due to changing farming practices) and the high risk of human-induced mortality (due to hunting and use of toxic pesticides) (Li et al 2009;Ding 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is commonly believed that the strict conservation measures combined with a higher public awareness contributed to increased breeding population size and reduced anthropogenic disturbances, which have contributed to the rapid recovery of the crested ibis population (Wang and Li 2008). Given such strict conservation, food availability has been identified as the primary limiting factor to the population growth of the ibis (Xi et al 2002;Yu et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline of traditional rice farming constrains the recovery of the endangered Asian crested ibis (Nipponia nippon)

Sun

Wang

et al. 2015

Ambio

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Traditional agriculture benefits a rich diversity of plants and animals. The winter-flooded rice fields in the Qinling Mountains, China, are the last refuge for the endangered Asian crested ibis (Nipponia nippon), and intensive efforts have been made to protect this anthropogenic habitat. Analyses of multi-temporal satellite data indicate that winter-flooded rice fields have been continuously reduced across the current range of crested ibis during the past two decades. The rate of loss of these fields in the core-protected areas has unexpectedly increased to a higher level than that in non-protected areas in the past decade. The best fit (R 2 = 0.87) numerical response model of the crested ibis population shows that a reduction of winterflooded rice fields decreases population growth and predicts that the population growth will be constrained by the decline of traditional winter-flooded rice fields in the coming decades. Our findings suggest that the decline of traditional rice farming is likely to continue to pose a threat to the long-term survival and recovery of the crested ibis population in China.

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Reproductive success of the Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Reduced Dependence of Crested Ibis on Winter-Flooded Rice Fields: Implications for Their Conservation

Reduced Dependence of Crested Ibis on Winter-Flooded Rice Fields: Implications for Their Conservation

On the sustainability of a reintroduced Crested Ibis population in Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi, Central China

Decline of traditional rice farming constrains the recovery of the endangered Asian crested ibis (Nipponia nippon)

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