Reproductive Ecology of Tetraphis pellucida. II. Differential Success of Sexual and Asexual Propagules

Epiphyte metapopulation dynamics are explained by species traits, connectivity, and patch dynamics

“…3). This suggests frequent longdistance dispersal, as expected for species dispersed by small propagules (Okubo and Levin 1989, Kimmerer 1991, Lo¨bel et al 2009). The finding also agrees with its random spatial genetic structuring among areas in the region (La¨ttman et al 2009).…”

“…The low colonization rate of S. decolorans can be a result of both the narrow niche and the large propagules. We could not fit the full spatial model, but its clumped occurrence pattern suggests a restricted dispersal range, as expected for a species dispersed by large propagules (Okubo and Levin 1989, Kimmerer 1991, Lo¨bel et al 2009). Buellia violaceofusca had a wide niche, and the low mean colonization rate is thereby probably a result of the large propagules.…”

“…The dispersal propagule size is a key trait in explaining the colonization rate in winddispersed species. Decreasing propagule size has been suggested to increase the dispersal range (e.g., Okubo and Levin 1989, Kimmerer 1991, Lo¨bel et al 2009), but decrease the establishment or recruitment (Jakobsson andEriksson 2000, Lo¨bel andRydin 2010). Groundfloor vascular plants with small seeds occur more frequently in young forest than large-seeded species that seemingly colonize later (Verheyen et al 2003), and forest species with small seeds have higher colonization rates than species with large seeds (Verheyen et al 2004).…”

Bryophytes in a changing landscape: The hierarchical effects of habitat fragmentation on ecological and evolutionary processes

“…On the other hand, species that invest heavily in competitive ability (long-lived, large perennials with larger spores) and are abundant in undisturbed forest may run greater risks of extinction in fragmented landscapes compared with more r-selected, mobile taxa. Effect of diaspore type remains unclear, as species that rely on asexual reproduction have been found to be both less effective (Kimmerer, 1991), and more effective dispersers (Hedenas et al, 2003) compared with sexually reproducing species.…”

Padrões de reprodução vegetativa em espécies de Lejeuneaceae (Marchantiophyta) e seu significado taxonômico e ecológico

“…Vários estudos efetuados em diferentes espécies e épocas trataram da propagação vegetativa em briófitas, podendo-se citar Fulford (1944), Mishler (1988), Schuster (1988), Kimmerer (1991, Newton & Mishler (1994), Reiner-Drehwald (1994, Reese (1997Reese ( , 2001a, Laaka-Lindberg (1999 A ocorrência de reprodução vegetativa está amplamente distribuída entre diversos táxons de Lejeuneaceae, os quais nem sempre estreitamente relacionados, e vários autores, incluindo Schuster (1980Schuster ( , 2000 referem os processos de reprodução vegetativa como um critério taxonômico. A não observação de reprodução vegetativa em um dado táxon, não implica que ela não possa ocorrer, sob determinadas condições ou ambientes.…”