Representação do processo de adoecimento de crianças e adolescentes oncológicos junto aos familiares

Abstract

O estudo objetiva descrever o desequilíbrio que o diagnóstico do câncer infanto-juvenil provoca nas famílias e avaliar a representatividade do diagnóstico em crianças, adolescentes e famílias envolvidas e o comportamento da equipe de enfermagem na percepção dos familiares das crianças e adolescentes acometidos. Estudo realizado na Unidade de Onco-Hematologia do HINSG, com familiares de crianças e adolescentes diagnosticados com câncer. Os resultados demonstram que 20% dos familiares vivenciaram desespero; 21%, medo da morte; 39%, solidariedade; 22%, ciúmes; 19%, desprezo; 56% sofreram alterações nas rotinas. Os impactos causados envolvem aspectos físicos, psicossociais e financeiros, causando transformações e gerando desequilíbrio no convívio social e familiar. Quanto ao comportamento da equipe de enfermagem para com os familiares, 90% se apresentam solícitos e educados em relação ao atendimento das queixas dos clientes; 75,6% dos funcionários esclarecem dúvidas e atendem a solicitações. Conclui-se que uma assistência de enfermagem pautada na humanização durante o tratamento deste tipo de cliente, extensiva aos seus familiares, é de grande relevância.

Impacto psicossocial do câncer pediátrico para pais: revisão da literatura

“…Mothers usually assume the role of primary caregiver and become emotionally involved while the fathers act as providers and tend to distance themselves emotionally from the situation (F. A. C. Silva, Andrade, Barbosa, Hoffmann, & Macedo, 2009;Svavarsdottir, 2005a). The challenges for the mothers are mainly related to decision-making, administration of medication, promotion of comfort and support, planning of family activities, handling the children's behavioral problems, paying attention to intercurrences, and supervising routine responsibilities (McGrath, 2001;Svavarsdottir, 2005a;Yeh, 2002).…”

Childhood Cancer: Meanings Attributed to the Disease by Parent Caregivers

“…To say the word cancer in front the parents of a child in the diagnosis stage is often perceived as being a prophecy which culminates in death (Beltrão et al, 2007;Klassmann et al, 2008;Malta et al, 2008;Silva et al, 2009). This stigma goes with the concept that the child is a fragile being.…”

“…It is understood that such a stance is understandable, due to the idea that talking can somehow mean re-living the suffering constructed in the history of the disease. The existence of deep pain is therefore highlighted, which could not even be signifi ed, possibly due to the psychological impact that the knowledge of the disease causes, generating experiences of despair, fear, denial, guilt and anger (Ortiz & Lima, 2007;Silva et al, 2009;Tarr & Pickler, 1999). The posture of denial of the parents regarding the disease is also demonstrated in the attempt to hide the diagnosis from the family and the child him/herself.…”

“…Furthermore, death, up to then never thought about, starts to haunt their lives as an inevitable and irreversible phenomenon. The stigma of cancer is that of an incurable disease, co nsidered by many as a waiting room for death, which generates intense feelings of sorrow (Beltrão, Vasconcelos, Pontes, & Albuquerque, 2007;Klassmann et al, 2008;Malta et al, 2008;Silva, Andrade, Barbosa, Hoffmann, & Macedo, 2009).…”

“…From the diagnosis of the disease, there are reports of the experience of despair, fear, denial, guilt, and anger (Ortiz & Lima, 2007;Silva et al, 2009;Tarr & Pickler, 1999). In this context, Kübler-Ross (1926 defi ned fi ve emotional stages, whereby the patient and the family can move to become aware of the severity of the disease and face the struggle for a healthy body: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.…”