Report on a visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases focus in the town of Jequié, State of Bahia, Brazil

Santos, Adalberto Rezende; Nascimento, Eliane G.; Silva, M.P.; Carvalho, Lain Carlos Pontes de

doi:10.1590/s0036-46651993000600017

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…(95% CI = 22-25% ), indicating that canine infection is more frequent than human visceral leisl,tmaniasis in this endemic area: a three-year accumulated incidence of 130 human cases per 100,000 inhabitants was observed during roughly the same time period in this area. 10 This agrees with the report of Alencar, 28 who suggested that the infection of dogs with Leishmania occurs more frequently than human disease in Brazilian endemic areas. In the present study, all seropositive dogs were killed as recommended by the Brazilian National Health Foundation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The diseases are geographically distributed in the following manner: patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis live and/or work in rural areas near a forest, while patients with visceral disease live predominantly in an 39 urban area. 10 Infected dogs were also found in Jequie. 11 These findings prompted us to study the epidemiology of canine visceral disease in the town of Jequie.…”

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confidence: 98%

“…Some of us have previously documented that the town of Jequie, State of Bahia, Brazil, is an endemic focus for both visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases. 10 In this area, Lu. longipalpis has been found both in and around houses (Sherlock I, unpublished data).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Cross-Sectional Serodiagnostic Survey of Canine Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania chagasi

Paranhos-Silva

Freitas²,

Santos³

et al. 1996

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Jequie, a community of about 144,500 inhabitants located in the State of Bahia, Brazil, is endemic for both visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases. In the present epidemiologic study, the urban and inhabited periurban areas of the town were divided into 140 clusters of 0.25 km2 each. The seroprevalence of canine Leishmania antibodies was investigated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as a screening test since its sensitivity was significantly higher than that of an indirect immunofluorescence assay. A total of 1,681 dogs was surveyed in 34 randomly sampled clusters. The overall prevalence of Leishmania antibodies in the dog population was 23.5%, with intracluster prevalences ranging from 0% to 67%. There was no correlation of these seroprevalences with the intracluster densities of canine populations, or with the distances from individual clusters to the town center. Moreover, the Leishmania transmission did not seem to follow any clear-cut spatial pattern, since large disparities in the seroprevalences of contiguous clusters were found. Curiously, human cases of visceral leishmaniasis have never been observed in some clusters with a relatively high prevalence of canine seroprevalences. Eight parasite isolates from seropositive dogs were found to belong to the same serodeme and zymodeme as Leishmania (L.) chagasi. The implications of these findings with respect to the epidemiology and control of American visceral leishmaniasis are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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confidence: 98%

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A Cross-Sectional Serodiagnostic Survey of Canine Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania chagasi

Paranhos-Silva

Freitas²,

Santos³

et al. 1996

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Vet. Zootec., v.64, n.6, p.1465-1470, 2012 O cão avoca importância quando se trata da epidemiologia da forma visceral da enfermidade por ser o principal reservatório dos parasitas (Deane e Deane, 1995) e considerado alvo em programas de erradicação da doença, à similitude do que ocorre com a raiva (Oliveira-dos-Santos et al, 1993).…”

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Detecção de formas amastigotas em exame parasitológico de esfregaço obtido a partir de suabe conjuntival de cães com leishmaniose visceral

Barbosa¹,

Silva

Sousa

et al. 2012

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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RESUMOLeishmaniose é uma enfermidade multissistêmica cujas manifestações clínicas são extremamente variáveis. Em cães sinais clínicos oftálmicos são relativamente frequentes, ainda que outros sinais sistêmicos não sejam identificados. Atualmente, o diagnóstico da doença baseia-se em métodos parasitológicos, sorológicos e moleculares, mas, até o momento, a identificação de formas amastigotas desse parasito em esfregaços feitos a partir de suabes conjuntivais não é empregada rotineiramente. Valendo-se de cães sorologicamente positivos para leishmaniose, portadores (G1) ou não (G2) de alterações oftálmicas, este estudo avaliou a viabilidade do esfregaço a partir de suabe conjuntival como método de diagnóstico para a enfermidade. O exame suprarreferido foi positivo em 60% dos animais do G1 e 38,1% do G2, no entanto não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação à positividade nos dois grupos (P=0,2167). Os dados apontam para uma tendência de os cães com leishmaniose e com sinais oftálmicos serem positivos ao exame parasitológico de esfregaço a partir de suabe conjuntival, podendo esse método ser útil no diagnóstico parasitológico da leishmaniose canina.

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“…Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia (Lutz & Neiva 1912 and Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho 1939) are South American phlebotomine sand ßies and proven vectors of Leishmania braziliensis (Vianna 1911), the causative agent of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil and other South American countries (Vexenat et al 1986;Jones et al 1987;Rangel et al 1990;Hashiguchi et al 1992;Salomó n et al 1995Salomó n et al , 2001aBrito et al 2002;Souza et al 2002). These two closely related species (Mazzoni et al 2002) are sympatric in some endemic areas (Oliveira dos Santos et al 1993, Miranda et al 2002.…”

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Ultrastructural Comparison of External Morphology of Immature Stages of Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia and Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae), Vectors of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Bahia¹,

Secundino²,

Miranda³

et al. 2007

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Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia (Lutz & Neiva 1912) and Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho 1939) (Diptera: Psychodidae) are vectors of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in several endemic regions of Brazil. We analyzed the external morphological aspects of the immature stages of these two vectors by using scanning electron microscopy. In general, the larval stages of the two species are morphologically similar, although some differences were noted. Detailed examination of the eggs of both species revealed similar exchorionic ornamentations of unconnected parallel ridges. The larval head capsules are well defined, heavily sclerotized, and bear prominent chewing mouthparts. The abdominal segments are easily recognized by the presence of prolegs on their ventral surfaces. The morphology of the anal lobe on the terminal abdominal segment differs between the two species. We found the following three types of sensillae inserted on the antennae: (1) clavate basiconic; (2) small, blunt coeloconic; and (3) multipourous clavate coleoconic. In addition; five subtypes of trichoid sensillae were found on the larval body: (1) long, (2) short, (3) curved long, (4) brush-like, and (5) weakly brush-like. The caudal filaments located on the last abdominal segment were recognized as long trichoid sensillae. We observed pores on the surface of the clavate coelonic sensillae and on the caudal filaments that presumably function as chemoreceptors. The larvae of the two species show similarities in the lobular-form antennae of L1 larvae, which changes to digitiform in second instar (L2), L3, and L4. This study demonstrated that the external surface of the eggs and larvae of Lu. intermedia and Lu. whitmani are morphologically similar, but they can be distinguished by details in the microanatomy observed by scanning electron microscopy.

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Report on a visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases focus in the town of Jequié, State of Bahia, Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

A Cross-Sectional Serodiagnostic Survey of Canine Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania chagasi

A Cross-Sectional Serodiagnostic Survey of Canine Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania chagasi

Detecção de formas amastigotas em exame parasitológico de esfregaço obtido a partir de suabe conjuntival de cães com leishmaniose visceral

Ultrastructural Comparison of External Morphology of Immature Stages of <I>Lutzomyia</I> (<I>Nyssomyia</I>) <I>intermedia</I> and <I>Lutzomyia</I> (<I>Nyssomyia</I>) <I>whitmani</I> (Diptera: Psychodidae), Vectors of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, by Scanning Electron Microscopy

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