Replicable unconscious semantic priming.

Draine, Sean C.; Greenwald, Anthony G.

doi:10.1037/0096-3445.127.3.286

Cited by 409 publications

(467 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Recent examples include visual word identi®cation (Ferrand, Grainger, & Segui, 1994;Forster, 1999), processing of facial emotions (Whalen et al, 1998), and stimulus±response associations (Eimer & Schlaghecken, 1998;Neumann & Klotz, 1994). Several demonstrations of unconscious access to the meaning of masked primes have also been put forward (Draine & Greenwald, 1998;Dell'Acqua & Grainger, 1999;Greenwald, 1996;Luck, Vogel, & Shapiro, 1996;Marcel, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unconscious semantic priming extends to novel unseen stimuli

2001

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Many subliminal priming experiments are thought to demonstrate unconscious access to semantics. However, most of them can be reinterpreted in a non-semantic framework that supposes only that subjects learn to map non-semantic visual features of the subliminal stimuli onto motor responses. In order to clarify this issue, we engaged subjects in a number comparison task in which the target number was preceded by another invisible masked number. We show that unconscious semantic priming occurs even for prime stimuli that are never presented as target stimuli, and for which no stimulus±response learning could conceivably occur. We also report analyses of the impact of the numerical relation between prime and target, and of the impact of learning on priming, all of which con®rm that unconscious utilization of semantic information is indeed possible. q

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unconscious semantic priming extends to novel unseen stimuli

2001

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“…Notes 1. There have been various claims made that printed stimuli undergo semantic processing under subliminal presentation conditions (e.g., Reynvoet, Brysbaert, & Fias, 2002;Dehaene et al, 1998;Draine & Greenwald, 1998;Perea & Gotor, 1997;Greenwald, Draine, & Abrams, 1996;Marcel, 1983). However, these claims have been disputed on several levels.…”

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confidence: 98%

ERP Evidence of Morphological Analysis from Orthography: A Masked Priming Study

Lavric

Clapp

Rastle

2007

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

132

128

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There is broad consensus that the visual word recognition system is sensitive to morphological structure (e.g., “hunter” = “hunt” + “er”). Moreover, it has been assumed that the analysis of morphologically complex words (e.g., “hunter”) occurs only if the meaning of the complex form can be derived from the meanings of its constituents (e.g., “hunt” and “er”). However, recent behavioral work using masked priming has suggested that morphological analysis can occur at an early, orthographic level, with little influence from semantics. The present investigation examined the neurophysiological correlates of masked priming in conditions of a genuine morphological relationship (e.g., “hunter”-“HUNT”), an apparent morphological relationship (“corner”-“CORN”), and no morphological relationship (“brothel”-“BROTH”). Neural priming was indexed by the reduction of the N400 ERP component associated with targets preceded by related primes, as compared to targets preceded by unrelated primes. The mere appearance of morphological structure (“corner”-“CORN”) resulted in robust behavioral and neural priming, whose magnitude was similar to that observed in pairs with genuine morphological relationship and greater than that in the nonmorphological pairs. The results support a purely structural morphemic segmentation procedure operating in the early stages of visual word perception.

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“…For instance, affective priming effects have been obtained while participants performed an effortful secondary task (Hermans, Crombez, & Eelen, 2000; also see Klauer & TeigeMocigemba, 2007) and when using short stimulus onset asynchronies (Hermans, De Houwer, & Eelen, 2001), subliminal prime presentations (Draine & Greenwald, 1998;Greenwald, Draine, & Abrams, 1996), and stimuli from different modalities (Hermans, Baeyens, & Eelen, 1998;Hermans, De Houwer, & Eelen, 1994;Spruyt, Hermans, De Houwer, & Eelen, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

On the (un)conditionality of automatic attitude activation: The valence proportion effect.

Everaert

Spruyt²,

Houwer³

2011

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne

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Affective priming studies have shown that participants are faster to pronounce affectively polarized target words that are preceded by affectively congruent prime words than affectively polarized target words that are preceded by affectively incongruent prime words. We examined whether affective priming of naming responses depends on the valence proportion (i.e., the proportion of stimuli that are affectively polarized). In one group of participants, experimental trials were embedded in a context of filler trials that consisted of affectively polarized stimulus materials (i.e., high valence proportion condition). In a second group, the same set of experimental trials was embedded in a context of filler trials consisting of neutral stimuli (i.e., low valence proportion condition). Results showed that affective priming of naming responses was significantly stronger in the high valence proportion condition than in the low valence proportion condition. We conclude that (a) subtle aspects of the procedure can influence affective priming of naming responses, (b) finding affective priming of naming responses does not allow for the conclusion that affective stimulus processing is unconditional, and (c) affective stimulus processing depends on selective attention for affective stimulus information.

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Replicable unconscious semantic priming.

Cited by 409 publications

References 59 publications

Unconscious semantic priming extends to novel unseen stimuli

Unconscious semantic priming extends to novel unseen stimuli

ERP Evidence of Morphological Analysis from Orthography: A Masked Priming Study

On the (un)conditionality of automatic attitude activation: The valence proportion effect.

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