Repeated Immobilization Stress Increases Uncoupling Protein 1 Expression and Activity in Wistar Rats.

Gao, Bihu; Kikuchi-Utsumi, Kazue; Ohinata, Hiroshi; Hashimoto, Masaaki; Kuroshima, Akihiro

doi:10.2170/jjphysiol.53.205

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In the chronically stressed rats, even if food intake is not altered or increased, a reduction in body weight gain is observed. This result may be due to stress activation of the rich sympathetic innervations of brown adipose tissue, which is possibly increased in stressed rats [22,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chronic Noise Stress on Serum Glucose and Lipids and Morphology of Langerhans Islets in Neonatal Rats

Mirshekar

Arabmoazzen

Kazem

et al. 2015

Zahedan J Res Med Sci

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Background: Environmental noise is a known stressful factor that induces alterations of various physiological responses in the exposed individuals. It is known very little about the effect of prenatal noise stress on the serum glucose, lipids and morphology of Langerhans islets in neonatal rats. Objectives: In the present study the effect of chronic noise stress on hyperglycemia and lipid profile and morphology of Langerhans islets in neonatal rats, has been investigated. Materials and Methods:In this experimental study, 8 Wistar pregnant rats were exposed chronically to intermittent white noise during their pregnancy periods (dark cycle, 7 pm -7 am). Stressed puppies bred under before condition up to 3 months of age. Then both groups were sacrificed. Serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol levels were determined at first week, 4th and 12th weeks after birth. Morphology of Langerhans islets in mature rats was evaluated using Gomori staining method. Results: Noise did have a significant hyperglycemic effect at 4th and 12th in rats. In addition, serum LDL-cholesterol levels in noise group significantly increased as compared to control group. Also, noise affected group showed significant difference with control group regarding level of serum triglyceride and total cholesterol. Regarding histology of Langerhans islets, noise affected group showed a lower number and granularity of beta cells and also periphery of Langerhans islets are significantly reduced as compared to control group. Conclusions: Noise has a significant hyperglycemic effect and increase lipid profile, also leads to appropriate changes in serum lipids in neonatal and postnatal rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chronic Noise Stress on Serum Glucose and Lipids and Morphology of Langerhans Islets in Neonatal Rats

Mirshekar

Arabmoazzen

Kazem

et al. 2015

Zahedan J Res Med Sci

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“…Being the only organ that specializes in heat production in response to sympathetic activation, brown adipose tissue (BAT) is commonly assumed to be the main contributor. All available evidence for this comes from studies using physical restraint as the psychological stressor (Gao et al, 2003;Ootsuka et al, 2008;Shibata and Nagasaka, 1982). However, we have recently shown (Marks et al, 2009) that BAT is not involved in the hyperthermia caused by conditioned fear, another form of psychological stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Stress-induced hyperthermia is not mediated by brown adipose tissue in mice

Vianna

Carrive

2012

Journal of Thermal Biology

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“…A second possibility is that heat is being generated from the midline and proximal muscles, whose tonic activity during fear causes the characteristic immobile freezing posture. A third possibility is that BAT is implicated, as this tissue has been claimed to be the main source of the hyperthermia observed during immobilization stress (10,25). In the present study, we sought to determine whether the latter would also be the case for conditioned fear.…”

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confidence: 95%

Nonshivering thermogenesis without interscapular brown adipose tissue involvement during conditioned fear in the rat

Marks¹,

Vianna²,

Carrive³

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Marks A, Vianna DM, Carrive P. Nonshivering thermogenesis without interscapular brown adipose tissue involvement during conditioned fear in the rat. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 296: R1239 -R1247, 2009. First published February 11, 2009 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.90723.2008.-As with other forms of psychological stress, conditioned fear causes an increase in body temperature. The mechanisms underlying this stress-induced hyperthermia are not well understood, but previous research suggests that nonshivering thermogenesis might contribute, as it does during cold exposure. The major source of nonshivering thermogenesis in the rat is brown adipose tissue (BAT), and the largest BAT deposit in that species is in the interscapular area just below the skin. BAT is also under sympathetic control via ␤-adrenoceptors. If BAT contributes to fear-induced hyperthermia, then the interscapular skin should warm up faster than other skin areas, and this response should be suppressed by the ␤-adrenoceptor antagonist, propranolol. We tested this noninvasively by infrared thermography. In conscious rats, 30 min of contextual fear caused hyperthermia (as indicated by a ϩ1.5°C increase in lumbar back skin temperature) and increased the difference in temperature between interscapular and lumbar back skin (TiScap Ϫ TBack) by ϩ1°C. Propranolol (10 mg/kg ip) completely abolished this hyperthermia; however, the TiScap-TBack increase was not reduced. In contrast, exposure to cold air (4°C) induced a ϩ2.7°C increase in TiScap-TBack, which was reduced to ϩ1°C after propranolol. The results show that conditioned fear-induced hyperthermia is of nonshivering origin and mediated by ␤-adrenoceptors, but interscapular BAT does not contribute to it and does not appear to be activated, either. stress hyperthermia; thermoregulation; tail skin; freezing; sympathetic responses MANY PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESSORS can cause an increase in body temperature (2,11,25,29), an effect also known as stress hyperthermia (2, 18). There are two ways in which body temperature can be elevated, either by reducing heat loss or by increasing heat production. The most effective way of reducing heat loss in the animal is through skin vasoconstriction (13). Increased heat production or thermogenesis can be achieved via two mechanisms: shivering thermogenesis if the heat comes from contracting skeletal muscles (15) or nonshivering thermogenesis if it comes from elsewhere (13, 17). The best studied effector of nonshivering thermogenesis is brown adipose tissue (BAT), which is under sympathetic control (4, 20). Only present in mammals, BAT is classically called into action during cold exposure. It is most often found in newborns, small mammals, and hibernating species, which are the ones who are most prone to suffer from cold stress, but it might also be functional in adult humans (6,20). Moreover, it is the only site where cold adaptation, that is, the development of increased recruitable thermogenic capacity in response to chronic cold exposure, occurs (4, 9, 12). In rats and ...

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Repeated Immobilization Stress Increases Uncoupling Protein 1 Expression and Activity in Wistar Rats.

Cited by 25 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of Chronic Noise Stress on Serum Glucose and Lipids and Morphology of Langerhans Islets in Neonatal Rats

Effect of Chronic Noise Stress on Serum Glucose and Lipids and Morphology of Langerhans Islets in Neonatal Rats

Stress-induced hyperthermia is not mediated by brown adipose tissue in mice

Nonshivering thermogenesis without interscapular brown adipose tissue involvement during conditioned fear in the rat

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