Repeat Administration of Marihuana Smoke to Humans

Marijuana smoking as a possible cause of tongue carcinoma in young patients

“…Similar histological changes have been observed in humans. In man, marijuana smoke as its passive inhalation seem to cause stomatitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, cough, hoarseness, bronchitis and/or pneumonitis, bronchial ulcerations, squamous metaplasia and the appearance of yellow pigmented macrophages within lung parenchyma (Tennant et al, 1971;Henderson et al, 1972;Chopra, 1973;Renault et al, 1974;Morris, 1985;Tashkinefa/., 1987;Gong etal., 1987). Recently, isolated uvulitis secondary to heavy marijuana smoke inhalation has been reported (Sloan, 1985;Guarisco et al, 1988).…”

Cannabis and Athletic Performance

“…As exercise clearly requires a coordinated and integrated response from multiple physiological systems, this is a notable shortcoming. Studies administering cannabis and isolated THC to healthy individuals have revealed a wide range of cardiovascular effects, including: changes in heart rate [ [53,60,80], ventilatory sensitivity to carbon dioxide [61], and limb blood flow [53,78,85].…”

“…Studies administering cannabis and isolated THC to healthy individuals have revealed a wide range of cardiovascular effects, including: changes in heart rate [ 41 – 45 , 53 – 85 ], cardiac function [ 55 , 59 , 64 , 75 , 76 , 79 , 83 ], blood pressure [ 41 , 42 , 53 , 57 , 59 – 61 , 63 – 65 , 75 – 78 , 83 ], orthostatic hypotension [ 53 , 60 , 80 ], ventilatory sensitivity to carbon dioxide [ 61 ], and limb blood flow [ 53 , 78 , 85 ].…”

Cannabis, Cannabinoids, and the Association with Psychosis

“…The cannabis was of a strain that was grown in the Isthmus of the Panama, and the content of Δ 9 -THC may have been variable. Other similar quasi-experimental studies of cannabis have reported a range of dose-related psychotic symptoms with cannabis (Isbell et al, 1967;Isbell and Jasinski, 1969;Renault et al, 1974;Siler, 1933;Williams et al, 1946). The mayor of New York City, Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia was concerned about the widespread use of cannabis and appointed a Committee on Marihuana in 1939 in order to assess the nature and extent of physiological and psychological effects of cannabis on humans.…”

“…This was further tested by Jones and Stone, (1970) who examined the effects of smoked and oral cannabis extract (0.5 g containing 0.9% Δ 9 -THC) in 10 heavy cannabis users, but found that they had lesser effects suggestive of "tolerance" (Jones and Stone, 1970). They developed a system to deliver cannabis smoke assayed to contain 1.5% Δ 9 -THC (Renault et al, 1971) and subsequently used their apparatus to examine the effects of cannabis smoke in humans (Renault et al, 1974). Melges et al, 1970 administered oral Δ 9 -THC in three doses (20 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg) in a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study in 8 healthy individuals (Melges et al, 1970).…”