Renal involvement in a patient with visceral leishmaniasis

Efstratiadis, Georgios; Boura, Evangelia; Giamalis, Panagiotis; Mandala, Evdokia; Leontsini, Maria; Tsiaousis, Georgios; Memmos, Dimitrios

doi:10.1093/ndt/gfi157

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Urine is another source for detection of L. siamensis DNA. Although there are several reports of renal involvement in patients with leishmaniasis, 12,[25][26][27] the six patients had no evidence of renal disease. DNA extraction from urine requires 30 mL of urine, and we found that 50% of the patients in our series were negative for Leishmania DNA yet positive for DNA in saliva.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

Detection of Leishmania siamensis DNA in Saliva by Polymerase Chain Reaction

Phumee

Kraivichian²,

Chusri³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect Leishmania siamensis DNA from clinical samples collected from six leishmaniasis patients during 2011-2012. The samples used in this study came from bone marrow, blood, buffy coat, saliva, urine, and tissue biopsy specimens. Saliva was a good source for L. siamensis DNA by polymerase chain reaction. L. siamensis DNA was also found in saliva of an asymptomatic case-patient. Levels of L. siamensis DNA in saliva decreased until being undetectable after treatment. These levels could be used as a marker to evaluate efficacy of the treatment. A larger study is needed to evaluate this method as a screening and survey tool to study the silent background of Leishmania infection among the at-risk population.Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical diseases caused by an obligate intracellular protozoa belonging to the genus Leishmania. The disease is transmitted to vertebrate hosts by infected female sand flies taking a blood meal.1 Leishmaniasis presents in three clinical forms; visceral, cutaneous, and mucocutaneous.2 Clinical presentation of leishmaniasis depends on the species of Leishmania and the immunity of the host. Detection and species identification of the parasites is essential for prognostic and therapeutic reasons and surveys.

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confidence: 72%

Detection of Leishmania siamensis DNA in Saliva by Polymerase Chain Reaction

Phumee

Kraivichian²,

Chusri³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Renal involvement is considered rare, presenting as hematuria, proteinuria, or renalfunction impairment. 2 There is little information on AKI in VL. A prospective study showed renal impairment in only 1 of 11 patients (11%) when considering serum creatinine (Scr) levels > 1.4 mg/dL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury in Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-Azar)

Oliveira

Júnior²,

Abreu³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The study patients had a diagnosis of VL and were admitted to a tertiary hospital. A multivariate analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors for AKI. A total of 224 patients were included. The mean age was 36 ± 15 years. AKI was observed in 33.9% of cases. Risk factors associated with AKI were male gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.2; P = 0.03), advanced age (OR = 1.05; P < 0.001), and jaundice (OR = 2.9; P = 0.002). There was an association between amphotericin B use and AKI (OR = 18.4; P < 0.0001), whereas glucantime use was associated with lower incidence of AKI compared with amphotericin B use (OR = 0.05; P < 0.0001). Mortality was 13.3%, and it was higher in AKI patients (30.2%). Therefore, factors associated with AKI were male gender, advanced age, and jaundice. Amphotericin B was an important cause of AKI in VL.

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“…Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is an endemic disease in the tropics, subtropics, and southern Europe, affecting one to two million individuals, with approximately 500,000 new cases and 5,000 deaths each year [1][2][3][4][5]. It is a vector-borne disease caused by various species of Leishmania [1,6,7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Clinical presentation and renal evaluation of human visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar): a retrospective study of 57 patients in Brazil

et al. 2008

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Visceral leishmaniasis is an endemic disease caused by various species of Leishmania. We made a retrospective study of 57 consecutive patients with visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. Patients with visceral leishmaniasis were identified using the registries of the São José Infectious Diseases Hospital. The sample was divided into two groups: patients with serum creatinine (Scr) <1.3mg/dL and Scr ≥ ≥ ≥ ≥ ≥ 1.3mg/dL. We compared these two groups for differences in clinical manifestations and laboratory features. Patients' mean age was 28 ± 18 years old; 74% were male. The main clinical symptoms and signs presented in the initial evaluation were: fever (97%), splenomegaly (96.4%), weight loss (95.5%), pallor (93.6%), cough (89.7%), hepatomegaly (87.2%), asthenia (83.3%), anorexia (82.9%) and vomiting (73.9%). Acute renal failure was found in 15 patients (26.3%) and eight of these patients had ARF before amphotericin B administration. The mean age was higher in the group with Scr ≥ ≥ ≥ ≥ ≥ 1.3mg/dL. Death occurred in three cases; all deaths occurred with Scr ≥ ≥ ≥ ≥ ≥ 1.3mg/dL. There were no significant differences in the frequencies of the clinical symptoms and signs between the two groups. The laboratory data and demographic characteristics were significantly worse in the Scr ≥ ≥ ≥ ≥ ≥ 1.3mg/dL group. Renal dysfunction is an important feature of this disease; it is associated with important morbidity and can increase mortality.

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Renal involvement in a patient with visceral leishmaniasis

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Detection of Leishmania siamensis DNA in Saliva by Polymerase Chain Reaction

Detection of Leishmania siamensis DNA in Saliva by Polymerase Chain Reaction

Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury in Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-Azar)

Clinical presentation and renal evaluation of human visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar): a retrospective study of 57 patients in Brazil

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