Removal of hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) using activated carbon prepared from mango kernel activated with H3PO4

Rai, Megha; Shahi, Garima; Meena, V. D.; Meena, Rakesh Kumar; Chakraborty, Sutopa; Singh, Ravi Shankar; Rai, B.N.

doi:10.1016/j.reffit.2016.11.011

Cited by 164 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The observed decrease in transmittance intensity and shifts in peak locations at different frequencies suggested the interactions between the Cr 6+ ions and the functional groups present in the surface of the MFHAC. Similar observations were also seen in the studies of Cheng et al (2016) and Rai et al (2016). …”

Section: Crsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Optimization and Response Surface Modelling of Activated Carbon Production from Mahogany Fruit Husk for Removal of Chromium (VI) from Aqueous Solution

Magoling

Macalalad

2017

BioResources

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The use of activated carbon (AC) from lignocellulosic wastes has gained a lot of research interest because of its great economic and environmental value. In this work, AC was prepared from mahogany fruit husk (MFH) via chemical activation with phosphoric acid and heat treatment. The relationships among the activation parameters H3PO4%, heating temperature, and holding time, and their effect on chromium (VI) removal, were investigated using the response surface method (RSM), following a central composite design (CCD). The optimized activation conditions resulted in a 92.3% Cr 6+ removal efficiency for a 50 mg/L Cr 6+ aqueous solution. The surface properties of the optimized MFHAC were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption studies. The MFHAC prepared under the optimized conditions had a high surface area (SBET) of 1130 m 2 /g, with a well-developed porous structure. The equilibrium data of Cr 6+ adsorption onto the MFHAC was best fit by the Langmuir isotherm model, while the adsorption kinetic data followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model. Hence, MFHAC proved to be an efficient technology for removing Cr 6+ from simulated wastewater.

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Section: Crsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The presence of hydroxyl groups, carbonyl groups, and ethers is evidence that the structure of the MFHAC contained lignocellulose. The functional groups mentioned above have been reported to exhibit a high affinity toward Cr 6+ ions (Rai et al 2016). This was confirmed in the FTIR spectrum of MFHAC loaded with Cr 6+ illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Crsupporting

confidence: 64%

Optimization and Response Surface Modelling of Activated Carbon Production from Mahogany Fruit Husk for Removal of Chromium (VI) from Aqueous Solution

Magoling

Macalalad

2017

BioResources

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“…AC prepared from Fox nutshell and activated by zinc chloride showed a maximum Cr(VI) removal efficiency of 99.08% at a pH of 2 [73]. Under the conditions of pH 2, biomass dose 2.5 g/100 ml and equilibrium time of 150 min, AC prepared from mango kernel and activated with H 3 PO 4 reported a maximum Cr(VI) removal rate of 7.8 mg/g [74].…”

Section: Conventional Processes For Chromium Remediationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Removal of chromium from industrial effluents using nanotechnology: a review

Mitra

Sarkar

Sen

2017

Nanotechnol. Environ. Eng.

132

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The presence of chromium in industrial effluents has become a huge problem worldwide as hexavalent chromium is highly toxic to animals due to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species in cells. The trivalent state of chromium, on the other hand, is significantly less toxic and also serves as an essential element in trace amounts. When industries such as electroplating, tannery, dyeing and others release their effluents into water bodies, hexavalent chromium enters the food chain and, consequently, reaches humans in a biomagnified form. Many remediation processes for removal of hexavalent chromium have been researched and reviewed extensively. These include chemical reduction to trivalent chromium, solvent extraction, chelation and adsorption, among others. It has been generally concluded that adsorption (and/or subsequent reduction) of hexavalent chromium is the best method. However, relatively little is known about the potential of using nanoparticles as adsorbents for the removal of hexavalent chromium from industrial effluents. This method of nanoremediation is more effective than conventional remediation methods and is cost-effective for the industry in the long run. This article reviews the various remediation methods of hexavalent chromium, with emphasis on the field of nanoremediation.

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“…Chromium chloride was prepared, and it is dissolved in distilled water. Batch adsorption technique was conducted and the removal efficiency of Cr 6+ had been discussed in the following manner [29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Neem Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Hexavalent Chromium (Cr6+) Using Different Natural Adsorbents - A Review

Yogeshwaran¹,

Ak²

2016

J Chromatogr Sep Tech

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Heavy metal is one of the major environmental and ecological problems in this world. The presence of heavy metals in water and wastewater causes toxic effects to the living beings and the environment. Compared to other heavy metals (such as Cr 6+ , Pb 2+ , Zn 2+ etc.,) Chromium found in the tannery and electroplating industrial effluents causes serious effects to the humans and living organisms. It also contaminates the soil and groundwater. The excess amount of chromium affects the lungs and lead to respiratory disorders in the human beings. Due to a large number of tanneries and electroplating industries, the chromium contamination in the wastewater and aqueous solutions exceeds the tolerance limits. Many methods are used to remove the chromium from the aqueous solutions and industrial effluents. Adsorption is one of the cost -effective methods being widely used for the removal of heavy metals from industrial and commercial wastewaters. It has been established as an important and economically feasible treatment technology for removing heavy metals, particularly chromium. This review article presents the information about the application of different kinds of natural waste adsorbents for the removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+ ) from industrial effluent.

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Removal of hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) using activated carbon prepared from mango kernel activated with H3PO4

Cited by 164 publications

References 50 publications

Optimization and Response Surface Modelling of Activated Carbon Production from Mahogany Fruit Husk for Removal of Chromium (VI) from Aqueous Solution

Optimization and Response Surface Modelling of Activated Carbon Production from Mahogany Fruit Husk for Removal of Chromium (VI) from Aqueous Solution

Removal of chromium from industrial effluents using nanotechnology: a review

Removal of Hexavalent Chromium (Cr6+) Using Different Natural Adsorbents - A Review

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