Removal of ammonium from wastewater by zeolite synthetized from volcanic ash: Batch and column tests

Ammonium recovery from municipal wastewater by ion exchange: Development and application of a procedure for sorbent selection

“…The results of the isotherm tests conducted with Chabazite/Phillipsite in K + form compare favourably with those of previous studies of ammonium removal with zeolites. In tests conducted with synthetic ammonium solutions, the sorbed concentration in equilibrium with 100 mg N L − 1 in the liquid resulted equal to 7-13 mg N g dry resin − 1 in studies conducted with zeolites synthetized from volcanic ash [45] or with an Algerian natural bentonite [46], whereas under the same conditions Chabazite/Phillipsite K + resulted in 18 mg N g dry resin − 1 . When they switched from a synthetic solution to tap water, Gagliano et al [45] observed at 100 mg N L − 1 in the liquid a 50% decrease in sorbed ammonium concentration, whereas when Chabazite/Phillipsite K + was tested with the saline AnMBR effluent the sorbed phase concentration dropped from 18 to 14 mg N g dry resin − 1 (22% decrease).…”

“…In tests conducted with synthetic ammonium solutions, the sorbed concentration in equilibrium with 100 mg N L − 1 in the liquid resulted equal to 7-13 mg N g dry resin − 1 in studies conducted with zeolites synthetized from volcanic ash [45] or with an Algerian natural bentonite [46], whereas under the same conditions Chabazite/Phillipsite K + resulted in 18 mg N g dry resin − 1 . When they switched from a synthetic solution to tap water, Gagliano et al [45] observed at 100 mg N L − 1 in the liquid a 50% decrease in sorbed ammonium concentration, whereas when Chabazite/Phillipsite K + was tested with the saline AnMBR effluent the sorbed phase concentration dropped from 18 to 14 mg N g dry resin − 1 (22% decrease). In a study conducted with Clinoptilolite and with an actual groundwater, Vocciante et al [47] obtained a sorbed concentration equal to 4 mg N g dry resin − 1 in equilibrium with 40 mg N L − 1 in the liquid, whereas Chabazite/Phillipsite K + resulted in 9 mg N g dry resin − 1 in tests conducted with the saline AnMBR effluent.…”

“…+ synthetic solutions: in a study of ammonium removal from a synthetic WW using a zeolite synthetized from volcanic ash, Gagliano et al [45] observed a 3-fold decrease in the time corresponding to the 10% breakpoint when the EBCT was reduced from 8 to 4 min; in addition, the resin regeneration with 1 M NaCl led to a 3-fold decrease in performances after just 1 regeneration step. In the same study, the switch from a synthetic ammonium solution to a real WW determined a major drop in process performances [45].…”

“…+ synthetic solutions: in a study of ammonium removal from a synthetic WW using a zeolite synthetized from volcanic ash, Gagliano et al [45] observed a 3-fold decrease in the time corresponding to the 10% breakpoint when the EBCT was reduced from 8 to 4 min; in addition, the resin regeneration with 1 M NaCl led to a 3-fold decrease in performances after just 1 regeneration step. In the same study, the switch from a synthetic ammonium solution to a real WW determined a major drop in process performances [45]. In a study of ammonium removal from MWW with a metakaolin geopolymer, Luukkonen et al [48] report a drastic reduction in the time for attainment of a 50% breakpoint when the EBCT was reduced from 6 to 3 min; in addition, the geopolymer regeneration conducted with 0.1 M NaOH and 0.2 M NaCl determined a 30-50% decrease in ammonium removal between the 1 st and the 3 rd cycle.…”

Natural Zeolites for the Sorption of Ammonium: Breakthrough Curve Evaluation and Modeling

“…With the exception of the LDF model, all of these models were previously applied to the modeling of NH 4 + breakthrough curves in zeolite-filled, fixed-bed columns. These previous studies investigated the influence of model water and wastewater matrices and, in doing so, enabled the extrapolation of zeolite sorption performance for a variety of NH 4 + removal scenarios [ 26 , 27 ]. The weakness of these models is that the description of the sorption mechanisms is reduced to simplified mathematical relationships.…”