Release of protein from axons during rapid axonal transport: An in vitro preparation

Hines, John; Garwood, Margaret

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(77)90365-1

Cited by 63 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Comparison with Fig. 1 Grafstein, 1968;Edstr6m & Mattsson, 1972 a;Hines & Garwood, 1977;Ambron et al 1975), that the inhibitors of protein synthesis did not interfere directly with the rapid axonal transport of proteins or lipids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Lower concentrations of cycloheximide have been shown to reduce the amount of protein that is transported axonally (Edstr6m & Mattsson, 1972a;Hines & Garwood, 1977;Neale & Barker, 1977). In addition, Neale & Barker (1977) is not without some precedent with respect to neurones (Grafstein et al 1975;Neale & Barker, 1977), and a differential sensitivity of protein synthesis to puromycin and cycloheximide has been observed in rat liver cells Glazer & Sartorelli, 1972).…”

Section: The Effect Of Cycloheximidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mitotic inhibitors are also known to block the rapid anterograde transport of membrane-bound organelles and vesicles (Hammond & Smith, 1977;Smith, 1980). Inhibitors of protein synthesis interrupt the export from the cell body of proteins and glycoproteins (Ochs, Sabri & Ranish, 1970;Grafstein et al 1975; Hines & Garwood, 1977;Forman, McEwen & Grafstein, 1971;Edstrom & Mattsson, 1972b;Ambron et al 1975) and also interrupt the rapid transport of phospholipid (Grafstein et al 1975), glycolipid (Forman et al 1971;Edstrom & Mattsson, 1972b;Sherbany et al 1979), and sulphate-labelled materials (Edstrom & Mattsson, 1972b). Conversely, inhibitors of the synthesis of phospholipids interrupt the export of proteins (Longo & Hammerschlag, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The action of puromycin and cycloheximide on the initiation of rapid axonal transport in amphibian dorsal root neurones

Nichols

Smith

Snyder

1982

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: The Effect Of Cycloheximidementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The action of puromycin and cycloheximide on the initiation of rapid axonal transport in amphibian dorsal root neurones

Nichols

Smith

Snyder

1982

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although the ultrafiltration studies accounted for only 65% of the label when nonradioactive methionine was not present in the bathing solution, it is possible to conclude that the axons could not have released more than 2-310 of their label in the form of high-molecular-weight polypeptides, a value significantly less than the 10-40% reported by Hines and Garwood (1977). One possible explanation for this discrepancy is that Hines and Garwood (1977) used a pulse procedure that would have allowed for considerable quantities of the radiolabelled amino acid to enter the compartment bathing the nerve via diffusion (Haley et al, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…One possible explanation for this discrepancy is that Hines and Garwood (1977) used a pulse procedure that would have allowed for considerable quantities of the radiolabelled amino acid to enter the compartment bathing the nerve via diffusion (Haley et al, 1979). Although protein synthesis in nonneuronal cells was reported to have been prevented by the addition of' cycloheximide, cycloheximide has more recently been demonstrated (Snyder et al, 1984) to be incapable of preventing synthesis within isolated segments of nerve a t times later than 9-11 h following removal from the animal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The release of axonally transported material from an in vitro amphibian sciatic nerve preparation

Snyder¹

1988

J. Neurobiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The rapid axonal transport of a pulse of [35S]methionine-labelled material was used to study the release of transported material from amphibian nerve maintained in vitro. Following creation of a moving pulse of activity in a dorsal root ganglion-sciatic nerve preparation, the ganglion was removed and the nerve placed in a three-compartment tray, the section of nerve in the middle compartment containing no truncated branches (unbranched section). All three compartments were filled with a saline solution that in some studies contained nonradioactive methionine (1.0 mmol/L). Analysis of studies in which nonradioactive methionine was absent revealed that labelled material appeared in the bathing solution of the end compartments that contained truncated branches, but not in the solution of the middle (unbranched) compartment. The quantity of label released in the branched compartments was approximately 6% of that remaining in the corresponding section of nerve following an 18-20 h incubation period. However, when nonradioactive methionine was present, all compartments showed an additional activity in the bathing solution of approximately 10% of that remaining in the nerve. In another study in which a position-sensitive detector of ionizing radiation was used to monitor progress of the pulse, it was found that activity did not enter the bathing solution of a compartment prior to the pulse of activity. It is concluded that in the absence of methionine from the bathing solution, axonally transported material is released only from regions of nerve that contain severed axons; however, the presence of methionine allows transported material to be released from nerve containing intact axons. Ultrafiltration studies and thin-layer chromatography revealed the majority of material released to be of low-molecular weight (less than 30,000 daltons) and not free [35S]methionine.

show abstract

Junction between parent and daughter axons in regenerating myelinated nerve: Properties of structure and rapid axonal transport

Chan

Smith

Snyder

1989

J of Comparative Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The primary aim of this work was to investigate the properties of rapid axonal transport in regenerating myelinated axons in the sciatic nerve of Xenopus laevis, with particular attention to events at the junction between the proximal, intact axon (the "parent") and the distal, newly formed axon (the "daughter"). Morphological studies indicated that all myelinated axons initiated regeneration and that at least 80% of these axons regenerated at a rate of 1 mm/day or greater (20 degrees C). The ultrastructure of the junctional region was examined at regeneration times between 3 days and 20 weeks. The main qualitative change in the junctional axoplasm over this period was in its content of particulate organelles. At times up to 2 weeks regeneration, the junction contained abnormal numbers of 50 nm diameter vesicles and 10 nm granules. Between 2 and 5 weeks the junction showed in addition a peripheral rim of large membrane-bounded organelles around a central core of microtubules and neurofilaments. At longer times the numbers of large membrane-bounded organelles diminished and all junctions contained prominent accumulations of 10 nm granules. The rate of rapid axonal transport of protein was similar in parent and daughter axons. Compared to the parent axons, a 2-5 times greater amount of protein was deposited to a stationary phase in daughter axons. Specimens of nerve that were subjected to mechanical stress during the removal of the perineurium showed a large accumulation of rapidly transported protein in the region of the crush at regeneration times up to 40 days; some of the accumulated protein was subsequently transported retrogradely. Video microscopy of isolated axons supplied evidence that the transport deficit in mechanically stressed nerve was a partial block of anterograde vesicle transport, plus a reversal of anterograde transport, at the junction of parent with daughter axons. No structural changes were detected in mechanically stressed nerve. The results show that the junction between parent and daughter myelinated axons is a region with distinct morphology at which the dynamics of anterograde axonal transport may change dramatically.

show abstract

Release of protein from axons during rapid axonal transport: An in vitro preparation

Cited by 63 publications

References 12 publications

The action of puromycin and cycloheximide on the initiation of rapid axonal transport in amphibian dorsal root neurones

The action of puromycin and cycloheximide on the initiation of rapid axonal transport in amphibian dorsal root neurones

The release of axonally transported material from an in vitro amphibian sciatic nerve preparation

Junction between parent and daughter axons in regenerating myelinated nerve: Properties of structure and rapid axonal transport

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About