Relative Effects of Air Pollution on Lungs and Heart

Johnson, Robert L.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000110643.19575.79

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Whether a similar link with ischaemic heart disease (IHD) exists has yet to be resolved, as there is, in general, a discrepancy between the risks seen in retrospective case-control [3] and prospective cohort [4] studies. An association between ABO groups and cerebrovascular disease was suggested in 1976 [5]. In this study, an excess of…”

mentioning

confidence: 48%

Exposure to diesel exhaust nanoparticles does not induce blood hypercoagulability in an at‐risk population

Blomberg

Törnqvist

Desmyter

et al. 2005

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

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mentioning

confidence: 48%

Exposure to diesel exhaust nanoparticles does not induce blood hypercoagulability in an at‐risk population

Blomberg

Törnqvist

Desmyter

et al. 2005

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

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“…Ausgangspunkt der wissenschaftlichen Entwicklung waren dabei einige Episoden erfasster erhöhter Mortalitätsraten unter extremen städ-tischen Luftverschmutzungen wie beispielsweise im Dezember 1930 im belgischen Maas-Tal [17], 1952 in London [18] sowie 1985 im Ruhrgebiet [19,20]. Seither wurden mehrere hundert epidemiologische Arbeiten veröffent-licht, welche auf Zusammenhänge zwischen Luftverschmutzung und der Gesundheit verweisen [21]. Während zahlreiche Substanzen einzeln oder in Kombination (z.B.…”

Section: Epidemiologieunclassified

“…Des Weiteren wird für das CRP ein direkter Einfluss auf die Entwicklung und den Progress der Atherosklerose via eine Vielzahl von Mechanismen diskutiert, welche eine steigende Bildung von Schaumzellen, Rekrutierung von Monozyten in die Arterienwand, die Stimulation von prothrombotischen Gewebsfaktoren, erniedrigte NO-Synthase-Aktivität und Meyer C, et al Feinstaub und Herz Med Klin 2007;102:899-903 (Nr. 11) feinstaubbedingte kardiovaskuläre Mortalität wurde wiederholt diskutiert [21,24]. Eine erniedrigte Herzfrequenzvariabilität, als gut untersuchter Parameter für die Dysbalance zwischen parasympathischem und sympathischem Nervensystem, durch umweltbedingte Feinstaubexposition [42] wurde gezeigt und als bedeutsame Variable im Zusammenspiel zwischen Luftverschmutzung und kardiovaskulärer Mortalität durch die Förderung von Tachyarrhythmien und dem damit verbundenen plötz-lichen Herztod von einigen Autoren betont [43].…”

Section: Beeinträchtigung Der Gefäßfunktion Durch Feinstaubunclassified

Die EU-Feinstaub-Richtlinie und das Herz: Wo stehen wir heute in Europa?

et al. 2007

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With reference to the EU-Council Directive (1999/30/EC) a discussion in the European Union between basic science, epidemiologic knowledge, and regulatory policies has become of growing public interest. The consequences following particulate matter (PM) exposure on the cardiovascular system, are actually not fully understood. This work reviews latest developments as regards the realization of the mentioned Council Directive and emphasizes the cardiovascular health impairment in this context. PM is assumed to increase the risk for arrhythmia, ischemic cardiovascular events, and worsens heart failure. The importance of the risk factor PM is due to the number of people who are affected, if consequent actions for air pollution prevention are not adequately transposed. Health-care providers can protect especially patients at high risk by informing them about behavior modification to prevent PM exposure and its possible consequences. To promote public health on the health-policy level, several action plans have been established. Forthcoming challenge for PM-associated cardiovascular health promotion remains an interdisciplinary approach to create synergistic effects of several sanctions, which primarily concerns scientific and political decision makers and public consciousness. In conclusion, further investigations are necessary to deepen the understanding of PM exposure and its consequences for the cardiovascular system and evaluate the success of preventive strategies.

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“…Epidemiological, laboratory, and clinical studies have shown that exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM), particularly nano-PM, is associated with adverse health effects (Englert 2004;Pope and Dockery 2006) which include pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (D'Amato and Liccordi 1998;Johnson 2004;Pope et al 2004); leading to morbidity (Peters et al 1997) and mortality (Pope et al 1995;Samet et al 2000;Pietropaoli et al 2004). Indeed, the relationship between increased ambient air pollution and adverse health effects in individuals with asthma, children (and especially children with asthma), and other vulnerable adults, is well documented (Koenig et al 2005;Nel 2005;Gwinn and Vallyathan 2006;Pope and Dockery 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species generation from aggregated carbon and carbonaceous nanoparticulate materials

Garza

Soto

Murr³

2008

IJN

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Abstract:We have investigated the cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation for indoor and outdoor soots: candle, wood, diesel, tire, and natural gas burner soots -along with surrogate black carbon, various multiwall carbon nanotube aggregate materials, TiO 2 (anatase) and chrysotile asbestos as reference materials. All soots were observed utilizing TEM and FESEM to be composed of aggregated, primary spherules (20-80 nm diameter) forming complex, branched fractal structures. These spherules were composed of intercalated, turbostratic arrangements of curved graphene fragments with varying concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) isomers. In vitro cultures with an immortalized human lung epithelial carcinoma cell line (A549) treated with these materials showed decreased cell viability and variations in ROS production, with no correlations to PAH content. The data demonstrate that soots are cytotoxic and that cytotoxicity is not related to PAH content but is related to ROS generation, suggesting that soot induces cellular oxidative stress and that cell viability assays can be indicators of ROS production.

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Relative Effects of Air Pollution on Lungs and Heart

Cited by 45 publications

References 19 publications

Exposure to diesel exhaust nanoparticles does not induce blood hypercoagulability in an at‐risk population

Exposure to diesel exhaust nanoparticles does not induce blood hypercoagulability in an at‐risk population

Die EU-Feinstaub-Richtlinie und das Herz: Wo stehen wir heute in Europa?

Cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species generation from aggregated carbon and carbonaceous nanoparticulate materials

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