Relative detection efficiency of the World Wide Lightning Location Network

Hutchins, M. L.; Holzworth, R. H.; Brundell, James B.; Rodger, Craig J.

doi:10.1029/2012rs005049

Cited by 207 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The network uses a time of group arrival technique on the detected sferic waveforms to locate lightning to within ~5 km and <10 μs, with preferential detection of high peak current cloud to ground strokes. The global detection efficiency of the network is estimated to be ~10% and it is sufficient to enable the network to detect almost all lightning-producing storms [20].…”

Section: Lightning Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightning Enhancement in the Amazon Region Due to Urban Activity

Pinto¹,

Pinto²,

Neto³

2013

AJCC

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Urbanization has an increasing contribution to anthropogenic climate forcing. The impact arises mainly from the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect and aerosol anthropogenic emissions. An important but not completely understood consequence of this forcing is its effect on local lightning activity. Changes in lightning activity may result in a feedback on the climate system. In this article, it investigates changes in the lightning activity in the city of Manaus, located in the Amazon region of Brazil. It is found that, over the city, the lightning activity is larger than that in the regions around it and it has been increasing in the last four decades simultaneously with the increasing of its urban area. Our results suggest that such changes are caused by the UHI effect. The observations reported here are unique and relevant because Manaus is located in the central part of the Amazon rainforest and inside one of the three global lightning chimneys in the world.

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Section: Lightning Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightning Enhancement in the Amazon Region Due to Urban Activity

Pinto¹,

Pinto²,

Neto³

2013

AJCC

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“…However, according to Hutchins et al (2012b), the relative detection efficiency of the WWLLN over the analysis region is about 0.8−0.9. Thus, for this study, the stroke density measured by WWLLN was not corrected.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because detection efficiency is higher for stronger strokes (Rodger et al 2004;Abarca et al 2010) and because the minimum detectable stroke energy of each lightning stroke depends on the minimum observable energy of each WWLLN station (Hutchins et al 2012b), the reliability of data for weak stroke energy is considered insufficient. Therefore, we focus on lightning with strong stroke energy.…”

Section: Seasonal Variation Of Lightningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that the WWLLN is more likely to detect TRMM/ LIS lightning that occurs over the ocean than over the continent, and one of the reasons for this is the difference in conductivity between the ocean and continent (Hutchins et al 2012b). However, according to Hutchins et al (2012b), the relative detection efficiency of the WWLLN over the analysis region is about 0.8−0.9.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Study on Features of Lightning Discharge around Japan Using World Wide Lightning Location Network Data

Iwasaki

2014

SOLA

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Features of lightning around Japan over a four-year period are described using World Wide Lightning Location Network data based on global observations of very low frequency radio waves. Lightning density over land is lower than that over the ocean and the oceanic area of high density runs along the Kuroshio Current. The zone of highest density is found to the west of the Nansei Islands; however, very strong lightning rarely occurs there. Conversely, lightning density decreases gradually towards the eastern part of the Kuroshio Current, where the occurrence of very strong lightning increases.The ratio of very strong lightning in most of the analysis area tends to increase in the cold season, and it becomes large in areas where lightning frequency is low. Furthermore, both very weak and strong lightning have a tendency to occur in areas where rain intensity is not strong.

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“…Therefore, the detection efficiency of the WWLLN system is not uniform. To overcome this challenge, Hutchins et al (2012b) proposed the "relative detection efficiency" (RDE) parameter, which is calculated using the observed 7-day global stroke energy distribution and the estimated hourly minimum detectable energy for every 5° × 5° grid cell, considering both sferic propagation and the WWLLN site distribution. RDE is defined as the ratio of the number of strokes with energies larger than the minimum detectable energy (MDE) to the overall number of lightning strokes in the 7-day global stroke energy distribution.…”

Section: B Relative Detection Efficiency Of Lightningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relating Lightning Features and Topography over the Tibetan Plateau Using the World Wide Lightning Location Network Data

Iwasaki

2016

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Lightning features over the Tibetan Plateau were studied in relation to topography using the World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) dataset obtained from April 2009 until December 2014. To describe the strength of lightning strokes, lightning strokes with energies above the 90th percentile (7666 J) were defined as strong lightning (S-lightning) strokes, and the ratio of S-lightning strokes to the overall number of lightning (O-lightning) strokes was defined as the strong ratio (S-ratio).O-lightning density over the Tibetan Plateau was found to be high in general, except over the western part of analysis region. Minimum-density zones were observed along the Himalayas approximately 6 km above sea level and in deep valleys within the Tibetan Plateau. The maximum-and minimum-density zones also exhibited maximum and minimum annual rainfall amounts, respectively. S-lightning strokes were also found to frequently occur over the Tibetan Plateau, and most S-ratios in the analysis units exceeded 30 %, which corresponds to three times the global mean. In particular, the S-ratios over the southern part of the Tibetan Plateau, including the Himalayas, were found to be high (50 %) and to correspond with the zone that had the minimum O-lightning density.The maximum O-lightning density was observed to occur during the summer at an elevation approximately 0.2-1.0 km higher than the plateau level. The O-lightning and S-lightning densities around the Nagqu sonde station were negatively correlated with the Showalter stability index (SSI) and the vertical wind shear. The S-ratio and average stroke energy were found to be negatively correlated with the vertical shear but not with the SSI.

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Relative detection efficiency of the World Wide Lightning Location Network

Cited by 207 publications

References 22 publications

Lightning Enhancement in the Amazon Region Due to Urban Activity

Lightning Enhancement in the Amazon Region Due to Urban Activity

Preliminary Study on Features of Lightning Discharge around Japan Using World Wide Lightning Location Network Data

Relating Lightning Features and Topography over the Tibetan Plateau Using the World Wide Lightning Location Network Data

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