Relationships Between Growth Form and Stand Density in Immature Douglas-fir

Carter, R. E.; Miller, I. M.; Klinka, Karel

doi:10.5558/tfc62440-5

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Likewise, Weiskittel et al (2007) found the number of branches in Douglasfir to be insensitive to Swiss needle cast disease, varying levels of vegetation control, pre as well as commercial thinning, or fertilization. In contrast, increased spacing resulted in a greater number of branches for some whorls in a 27-year-old Douglas-fir stand on Vancouver Island, British Columbia/CDN (Carter et al 1986). It might be speculated, that a part of the large variation in number of branches observed in this study perhaps might be attributed to possible genetic differences between the installations.…”

Section: Number Of Living and Dead Branchesmentioning

confidence: 75%

Effect of wide spacing on tree growth, branch and sapwood properties of young Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] in south-western Germany

2008

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Effect of wide spacing on tree growth, branch and sapwood properties of young Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] in south-western Germany Abstract The influence of stand density on Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] is conceptually understood, but for wide spacings not well quantified, particularly in Europe. This study used 41 trees from 7 different locations in south-western Germany to compare important tree-and branch-level attributes across three different densities, namely 100, 200, and 1,200 stems ha -1 . In general, there were only a few tree and branch attributes that were significantly different between the 100 and 200 ha -1 densities. Crown projection area and diameter of the thickest branches were the most important differences between the 100 and 200 ha -1 densities. The most obvious and significant differences in this study were between 100 and 1,200 ha -1 densities, where nearly every examined tree and branch attributes were statistically significant. However, relative sapwood area, the number of branches, branch angle, and the occurrence of spike knots were insensitive to stand density. Although the two lowest stand densities in this study represent rather extremely wide spacings, these results still have important implications for the development of effective thinning regimes for Douglasfir in south-western Germany. Important management recommendations from this study include thinned stands should be maintained to at least 200 stems ha -1 to maintain high log quality and stand stability. Furthermore, even at stand densities exceeding more than 1,200 trees ha -1 planted trees, artificial pruning may even be necessary to produce high quality logs.

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Section: Number Of Living and Dead Branchesmentioning

confidence: 75%

Effect of wide spacing on tree growth, branch and sapwood properties of young Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] in south-western Germany

2008

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“…The traditional allometric model (Y = aX b ) widely used in biomass studies (Feller, 1992), may be precise enough for tree biomass, but is often unsatisfactory for canopy biomass components such as branches. Other predictors, as crown geometry and site index, which influence biomass production and allocation, probably need to be added to the model to improve its accuracy for these components (Brown, 1978;Carter et al, 1986).…”

Section: Biomass Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of environment and progeny on biomass estimations of five hybrid poplar families grown at three contrasting sites across Europe

Dillen

Marron

Bastien³

et al. 2007

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…The number of branches on the stem apex is in part controlled by stand density, site fertility, and the general individual growth potential of a tree (Kenk and Unfried 1980;Carter et al 1986;Ma¨kinen et al 2003). Increasing vigour and growth rate of a tree increases the number of new branches but at the same time, the number of branches is also under moderate genetic control (Velling 1988;Vestøl et al 1999).…”

Section: Number Of Living and Dead Branchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of wide spacing on increment and branch properties of young Norway spruce

Mäkinen

Hein

2006

Eur J Forest Res

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The effects of stand density on increment and branch properties were studied in three spacing experiments of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. The stand densities ranged from 350 stems ha À1 , regarded as open-grown trees, up to 1,600 stems ha À1 , corresponding to the density recommended for forestry practice. Properties of all the branches were measured from the stem apex downwards. The study material included a total of 5,661 branches from 45 trees. Increasing stand density resulted in a decrease in radial increment as well as shorter and narrower crowns, but it had no effect on height increment. The average number of spike knots per tree was 0.87, 0.27, and 0.33 in densities of 350, 700 and 1,600 ha À1 , respectively. Additionally, in the widely spaced stands of 350 stems ha À1 , the fraction of trees having spike knots was high (over 50%). At a density of 1,600 ha À1 , the sample trees had somewhat less branches in a whorl compared with the more widely spaced plots. The most pronounced effect of stand density was the increase in branch diameter with decreasing stand density. At a density of 350 ha À1 , the maximum branch diameter of all the sample trees exceeded the diameter limit of quality class B in the European quality requirements for round wood. The results give some indication that trees subjected to severe competition would produce smaller branches per unit of crown projection area. However, the possibilities for reducing branch dimensions relative to stem and crown size through competition appear quite restricted.

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Relationships Between Growth Form and Stand Density in Immature Douglas-fir

Abstract: Stem form of the whole tree and branching characteristics at whorls 6 to 10 were examined in 27-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) trees est.;;: . at each of three s= ,

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of wide spacing on tree growth, branch and sapwood properties of young Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] in south-western Germany

Effect of wide spacing on tree growth, branch and sapwood properties of young Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] in south-western Germany

Effects of environment and progeny on biomass estimations of five hybrid poplar families grown at three contrasting sites across Europe

Effect of wide spacing on increment and branch properties of young Norway spruce

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