Relationship between tissue firmness and optical properties of ‘Royal Gala’ apples from 400 to 1050nm

Rowe, Philip; Künnemeyer, Rainer; McGlone, Andrew; Talele, Sadhana; Martinsen, Paul; Seelye, R. J.

doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.03.007

Cited by 83 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The skin thickness was estimated from the boundary where a fast growth of the cells Table 2. The data concerning the flesh have been reported by authors who worked with the hyperspectral imaging-based spatially-resolved method [48,49] or with the time-resolved method [1,2], in the wavelengths ranging from 633 nm to 850 nm. The listed data especially show the variation between retrieved optical properties due to considered apple varieties or to the optical technique which has been used for the measurements.…”

Section: Monte Carlo Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of Light Transport in Apple Models Based on Monte Carlo Simulations

2015

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This paper reports on the quantification of light transport in apple models using Monte Carlo simulations. To this end, apple was modeled as a two-layer spherical model including skin and flesh bulk tissues. The optical properties of both tissue types used to generate Monte Carlo data were collected from the literature, and selected to cover a range of values related to three apple varieties. Two different imaging-tissue setups were simulated in order to show the role of the skin on steady-state backscattering images, spatially-resolved reflectance profiles, and assessment of flesh optical properties using an inverse nonlinear least squares fitting algorithm. Simulation results suggest that apple skin cannot be ignored when a Visible/Near-Infrared (Vis/NIR) steady-state imaging setup is used for investigating quality attributes of apples. They also help to improve optical inspection techniques in the horticultural products.

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Section: Monte Carlo Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of Light Transport in Apple Models Based on Monte Carlo Simulations

2015

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“…The inverse adding-doubling (IAD) technique was used to measure optical properties between 400 and 1050 nm in another study on apples [15]. The reduced scatering coeicient between 550 and 900 nm had an average correlation r = −0.68 with penetrometer irmness.…”

Section: Principle Of Optical Methods For Measuring Irmnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However previous studies have suggested irmness may afect the apparent light-absorbing power through chemical changes associated with cell wall degradation, physical changes in intercellular structure and/or indirectly through correlated pigment absorption changes such as a chlorophyll decrease on ripening [14,15].…”

Section: Postharvest Handlingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In theory, the optical scatering properties are more directly related to irmness than absorption properties and have been reported to correlate with irmness, as discussed in Section 2 [14,15].…”

Section: Optical Techniques For Irmness Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often wavelengths below 780 nm are also included in the analysis as these regions contain valuable information on absorbing pigments within the fruit lesh and skin [15].…”

Section: Basic Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Optical Methods for Firmness Assessment of Fresh Produce: A Review

Sun¹,

Künnemeyer²,

McGlone³

2017

Postharvest Handling

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This chapter is devoted to a review of optical techniques to measure the irmness of fresh produce. Emphasis is placed on the techniques that have a potential for online high-speed grading. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and spatially resolved relectance spectroscopy (SRRS) are discussed in detail because of their advantages for online applications. For both techniques, this chapter reviews the fundamental principles as well as the measured performances for measuring the irmness of fresh produce, particularly fruit. For both techniques, there have been studies that show correlations with penetrometer irmness as high as r = 0.8 − 0.9. However, most studies appear to involve bespoke laboratory instruments measuring single produce types under static conditions. Therefore, accurate performance comparison of the two techniques is very diicult. We suggest more studies are now required on a wider variety of produce and particularly comparative studies between the NIRS and SRRS systems on the same samples. Further instrument developments are also likely to be required for the SRRS systems, especially with an online measurement where fruit speed and orientation are likely to be issues, before the technique can be considered advantageous compared to the commonly used NIRS systems.

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Effect of CPPU on bulk optical properties of kiwifruit during storage in near‐infrared range

Liu

Xie

2020

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Investigating the effect of N‐(2‐chloro‐4‐pyridyl)‐N′‐phenylurea (CPPU) on the bulk optical properties of postharvest kiwifruit is helpful in understanding the mechanism of identification of CPPU‐treated kiwifruit using spectroscopy and to develop effective optical sensing techniques. In this study, the absorption coefficient μa and reduced scattering coefficient μs′ of flesh and skin of kiwifruit treated with CPPU solutions at CPPU concentration levels (CCLs) of 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg L−1 were measured by using a single integrating sphere setup over the range 950–1650 nm during 12 weeks' storage. RESULTS Generally, at the same storage period, there was no significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) on flesh's μa among the kiwifruit treated with different CCLs at absorption peaks of 970, 1190, and 1390 nm. The average flesh's μs′ of kiwifruit treated with higher CCLs at 1190 nm were larger than those treated with lower CCLs, and there was a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) between the kiwifruit treated with 0, 5 and 15 mg L−1 CPPU solutions except for week 6. Contrasted with the μa and μs′ of kiwifruit flesh, the μa and μs′ of skin had bigger standard deviations and larger fluctuations with storage time. Additionally, the CPPU‐treated kiwifruit had higher moisture content, lower firmness, and larger cells than CPPU‐untreated kiwifruit. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that the μs′ of flesh has potential in identifying kiwifruit treated with different CCLs during storage. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Relationship between tissue firmness and optical properties of ‘Royal Gala’ apples from 400 to 1050nm

Cited by 83 publications

References 38 publications

Numerical Study of Light Transport in Apple Models Based on Monte Carlo Simulations

Numerical Study of Light Transport in Apple Models Based on Monte Carlo Simulations

Optical Methods for Firmness Assessment of Fresh Produce: A Review

Effect of CPPU on bulk optical properties of kiwifruit during storage in near‐infrared range

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