Relationship between Nurses' Spiritual Well-being and Nurses' perception of competence in providing spiritual care for patients

Factors associated with spiritual care competencies in Taiwan’s clinical nurses: A descriptive correlational study

“…However, the finding of SCCS grand mean (84.70 ± 12.89) is obviously lower than that reported by Ebrahimi Jafarabadi Arshetnab and Khanmiri () for Iranian nurses, head nurses, nursing and educational supervisors (95.20 ± 14.5), and Iran's nurses in cardiac care and intensive care units (98.51 ± 15.44) (Azarsa et al, ), and in the study of Attard et al (), Malta nurses (105.73 ± 14.05) and midwives (104.37 ± 9.00). The differences may be explained by differences in educational preparation, religion, culture and spiritual practice experience between the countries.…”

“…Attard et al () suggested seven factors that can promote nurses’ spiritual care competency: (a) learning from role models in clinical settings, (b) personal spirituality, (c) life experiences, (d) past hospitalisation experience, (e) working in obstetric units, (f) person‐centred care organisations, and (g) student's age and maturity. Likewise, three studies of spiritual care competency in nurses from Iran, Netherland and Taiwan showed positive correlations between spiritual health or well‐being, spiritual care perspectives and spiritual care competency, showing these factors to be the strongest predictors of spiritual care competency (Ebrahimi et al, ; Van Leeuwen & Schep‐Akkerman, ; Wu & Hsiao, ). Specifically, Netherland nurses working in mental health care and home care reported a higher score for spiritual care competency than hospital care nurses (Van Leeuwen & Schep‐Akkerman, ); monthly prayer demonstrated higher spiritual care competency than never praying in students and midwives from Wales, Malta, Netherlands and Norway (Ross et al, ); and Iranian nurses who attended moral workshops and underwent formal hiring showed higher spiritual well‐being and spiritual care competency compared to those not attending moral workshops and contractual or plan hiring (Ebrahimi et al, ).…”

“…Likewise, three studies of spiritual care competency in nurses from Iran, Netherland and Taiwan showed positive correlations between spiritual health or well‐being, spiritual care perspectives and spiritual care competency, showing these factors to be the strongest predictors of spiritual care competency (Ebrahimi et al, ; Van Leeuwen & Schep‐Akkerman, ; Wu & Hsiao, ). Specifically, Netherland nurses working in mental health care and home care reported a higher score for spiritual care competency than hospital care nurses (Van Leeuwen & Schep‐Akkerman, ); monthly prayer demonstrated higher spiritual care competency than never praying in students and midwives from Wales, Malta, Netherlands and Norway (Ross et al, ); and Iranian nurses who attended moral workshops and underwent formal hiring showed higher spiritual well‐being and spiritual care competency compared to those not attending moral workshops and contractual or plan hiring (Ebrahimi et al, ). Student nurses' spirituality and spiritual care perception scores were the significant factor ( p = .001) that explained 14% of variances on their spiritual care competences (Kalkim, Sagkal, & Daghan, ).…”

“…In addition, the literature identifies seven generic spiritual care competences: (a) integrating personal into professional nurses’ role; (b) helping patients to identify the meaning of sickness and accept illness; (c) maintaining trust relationships between patients and families; (d) communicating with patients, disciplines and clinical/educational organisations; (e) providing spiritual care through four phases of nursing process; (f) evaluating ethical issues of nursing care; and (g) providing holistic care (Baldacchino, ). In Malta, the average for spiritual competence measured by the Spiritual Care Competency Scale (SCCS) was 105.73 ± 14.05 in nurses and 104.37 ± 9.00 in midwives (Attard, Baldacchino, & Camilleri, ), which is higher than that of Iranian nurses, head nurses, nursing and educational supervisors (95.20 ± 14.5) (Ebrahimi, Jafarabadi, Arshetnab, & Khanmiri, ) or Iranian nurses in cardiac care and intensive care units (98.51 ± 15.44) (Azarsa et al, ).…”

Association between psychological capital and spiritual care competencies of clinical nurses: A multicentre cross‐sectional study

“…In this study, Chinese nurses experienced mild‐to‐moderate levels of spiritual care competencies. Compared with the mean scores for spiritual care competencies of nurses from Malta (Attard et al., 2014), Iran (Ebrahimi et al., 2016) and Taiwan (Hsieh et al., 2020) where the scores were 105.73, 95.20 and 84.67, the total score for spiritual care competencies was 60.88, which was significantly lower ( p <.001). These findings reveal that nurses from China are less able to provide spiritual care.…”