Relationship between Maternal Serum Vitamin A and Vitamin A Status of the Corresponding Fetuses

Ganguly, Chameli; Mukherjee, Krishnendu

doi:10.1093/tropej/34.6.313

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In addition, the skin tone of neonates born to carotenemic mothers is not yellow; and, at the time of this writing, a Pub Med search of the terms “carotenemia newborn” retrieved no citations, suggesting that the condition has never been reported 7. Thus, if the liver and binding proteins become saturated with retinol ester and retinol and fetal adipocytes do not store sufficient beta carotene, the fetus is exposed to additional teratogenic retinoic acid 29. In summary strong evidence exits that the human fetus expresses COMI which cleaves beta carotene into retinoids and that fetal beta carotene storage is limited.…”

Section: The Fate Of Beta Carotene In the Fetusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Maternal Beta Carotene and Retinol Consumption May Decrease the Incidence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Offspring

Goldberg

2011

Clin Med�Insights�Reprod�Health

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Retinoic acids (13-cis and 13-trans) are known teratogens, and their precursor is retinol, a form of vitamin A. In 1995, Rothman et al demonstrated an association between excessive vitamin A, >10,000 IU/day, during the first trimester of pregnancy and teratogenic effects, particularly in the central nervous system. However, vitamin A deficiency has long been known to be deleterious to the mother and fetus. Therefore, there may be a narrow therapeutic ratio for vitamin A during pregnancy that has not previously been fully appreciated. Neurodevelopmental disorders may not be apparent by macroscopic brain examination or imaging, and proving the existence of a behavioral teratogen is not straightforward. However, an excess of retinoic acid and some neurodevelopmental disorders are both associated with abnormalities in cerebellar morphology. Physical and chemical evidence strongly supports the notion that beta carotene crosses the placenta and is metabolized to retinol. Only very limited amounts of beta carotene are stored in fetal fat cells as evidenced by the fact that maternal fat is yellow from beta carotene, whereas non-brown neonatal fat is white. Furthermore, newborns of carotenemic mothers do not share the yellow complexion of their mothers. The excess 13-trans retinoic acid derived from metabolized beta carotene in the fetus increases the concentration of the more teratogenic 13-cis retinoic acid since the isomerization equilibrium is shifted to the left. Therefore, this paper proposes that consideration be given to monitoring all potential sources of fetal 13-cis and 13-trans retinoic acid, including nutritional supplements, dietary retinol, and beta carotene, particularly in the first trimester of pregnancy.

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Section: The Fate Of Beta Carotene In the Fetusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Maternal Beta Carotene and Retinol Consumption May Decrease the Incidence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Offspring

Goldberg

2011

Clin Med�Insights�Reprod�Health

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Nutrition for pregnancy and lactation

Spedding¹,

Wilson²,

Wright³

et al. 1995

Aspects of Midwifery Practice

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Maternal low-dose vitamin A or β-carotene supplementation has no effect on fetal loss and early infant mortality: a randomized cluster trial in Nepal

Katz

West

Khatry

et al. 2000

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

107

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Background:The effect of vitamin A supplementation on the survival of infants aged < 6 mo is unclear. Because most infant deaths occur in the first few month of life, maternal supplementation may improve infant survival. Objectives: The objective was to assess the effect of maternal vitamin A or ␤-carotene supplementation on fetal loss and survival of infants < 6 mo of age. Design: Married women of reproductive age in 270 wards of Sarlahi district, Nepal, were eligible to participate. Wards were randomly assigned to have women receive weekly doses of 7000 g retinol equivalents as retinyl palmitate (vitamin A), 42 mg all-trans-␤-carotene, or placebo. Pregnancies were followed until miscarriage, stillbirth, maternal death, or live birth of one or more infants, who were followed through 24 wk of age. Results: A total of 43 559 women were enrolled; 15 832 contributed 17 373 pregnancies and 15 987 live born infants to the trial. The rate of fetal loss was 92.0/1000 pregnancies in the placebo group, comparable with rates in the vitamin A and ␤-carotene groups, which had relative risks of 1.06 (95% CI: 0.91, 1.25) and 1.03 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.19), respectively. The 24-wk mortality rate was 70.8/1000 live births in the placebo group, comparable with rates in the vitamin A and ␤-carotene groups, which had relative risks of 1.05 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.25) and 1.03 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.22), respectively. Conclusions: Small weekly doses of vitamin A or ␤-carotene given to women before conception, during pregnancy, and through 24 wk postpartum did not improve fetal or early infant survival in Nepal.Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:1570-6.

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Relationship between Maternal Serum Vitamin A and Vitamin A Status of the Corresponding Fetuses

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Monitoring Maternal Beta Carotene and Retinol Consumption May Decrease the Incidence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Offspring

Monitoring Maternal Beta Carotene and Retinol Consumption May Decrease the Incidence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Offspring

Nutrition for pregnancy and lactation

Maternal low-dose vitamin A or β-carotene supplementation has no effect on fetal loss and early infant mortality: a randomized cluster trial in Nepal

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