Relationship between Liver Dry Matter and Liver Lipids in Periparturient Dairy Cows

Rosendo, Oswaldo; McDowell, L. R.

doi:10.2754/avb200372040541

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the longitudinal study, liver TAG and TLip increased from calving to d 14 p.p. and then decreased to the prepartum value; this finding is consistent with those reported in numerous other studies (Baird et al, 1968;Rosendo and McDowell, 2003;Bobe et al, 2004). The content of predominantly intracellular electrolytes in liver dry weight concomitantly declined and reached a nadir at 14 d p.p.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Results of the regression analysis between TLip and the sum of TLip + W indicate that an increase in liver fat content results only to a minor degree in an increase in cell volume (Figure 2, Figure 5). Negative associations between W and liver lipid content have been reported in earlier studies (Baird et al, 1968;Carr et al, 1973;Rosendo and McDowell, 2003) and are likely the result of compensatory mechanisms regulating the liver cell volume, which is a critical determinant of liver cell and organ function (Dunkelberg et al, 2001). Swelling of hepatocytes with fat induces a regulatory cytosolic volume decrease (Häussinger and Lang, 1991;Bear, 1990) that must be accompanied by a reduction of intracellular electrolyte content if the osmotic equilibrium between intra-and extracellular environment is to be maintained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Liver phosphorus content in Holstein-Friesian cows during the transition period

Grünberg

Staufenbiel

Constable

et al. 2009

Journal of Dairy Science

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Hepatic lipidosis and hypophosphatemia are frequently observed in high-yielding periparturient dairy cows. Objectives of this study were to investigate the association of the liver P content with the degree of liver fat accumulation and serum P concentration and to characterize the change in liver P content throughout the transition period. In a cross-sectional study, liver biopsies obtained from 33 Holstein-Friesian cows 14 d postpartum (p.p.) were assayed for total lipid (TLip), triacylglycerol, DNA, P, Mg, K, Na, and Ca content. Serum samples obtained at the time of biopsy were analyzed for indices of liver function and injury and the serum P concentration was determined. From this cross-sectional study, 6 cows were selected for a longitudinal study and liver tissue obtained from the 6 cows on d -65, -30, -14, 1, 14, 28, and 49 relative to calving was assayed. The amounts of P, K, Mg, Na, and Ca were expressed as amount in dry weight (DW), wet weight (WW), nonfat wet weight (NFWW), and indexed to DNA. In the cross-sectional study, P(DW) and P(WW) decreased with increasing TLip, whereas P(NFWW) and P(DNA) were independent of TLip. Values for P(DNA) varied widely, whereas P(NFWW) varied within a narrow range. Stepwise regression analysis revealed the strongest associations between P(DW) and the amount of tissue water (partial R2 = 0.74) and the log to the base 10 of triacylglycerol (partial R2 = 0.05). The P(WW) was associated with the log to the base 10 of triacylglycerol (partial R2 = 0.20), but no associations were found for P(NFWW). These findings indicate that decreased electrolyte content in dry and wet liver tissue with increased liver lipid content is predominantly due to the decrease in tissue water and therefore the distribution volume of electrolytes. In the longitudinal study, P(DW), P(WW), and P(NFWW) were decreased on d 14 p.p. Similar directional decreases were found for K, Mg, and Na, but P was the only electrolyte that was significantly decreased in liver tissue at d 14 p.p. This finding indicates that the P content of liver tissue decreases in early lactation due to a reduction in hepatocellular cytosol volume as well as a decrease in cytosolic P concentration, with the latter having biological relevance. The clinical significance of decreased cytosolic P concentration in the hepatocytes of dairy cows in early lactation remains to be determined.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Liver phosphorus content in Holstein-Friesian cows during the transition period

Grünberg

Staufenbiel

Constable

et al. 2009

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…At this sampling time, the average lipid content of CLA1 group was <7% in wet weight, whereas it was >12% in control. Rosendo and McDowell () collected 150 liver samples from forty multiparous Holstein cows at an average of 16 days pre‐partum to 30 days post‐partum . At day 30 after calving, the liver lipid contents ranged between 3.2 and 8.3% of the wet liver weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pre‐ and post‐partum supplementation with lipid‐encapsulated conjugated linoleic acid on milk yield and metabolic status in multiparous high‐producing dairy cows

Galamb

Faigl

Keresztes

et al. 2016

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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We evaluated the lactation performance, liver lipid content and plasma metabolites indicating the energy balance of dairy cows supplemented with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) pre- and post-partum (PP) vs. only PP. A total of 60 cows were divided into three groups (n = 20). Daily diet of cows was supplemented with 14 g of CLA (7 g cis-9, trans-11 and 7 g trans-10, cis-12 isomers) from week 3 before the expected date of calving (group CLA1), or from the day of calving (group CLA2) until 77-91 days PP. Control cows were fed an isocaloric, isonitrogenous and isolipidic diet without CLA. Between week 3 and week 6 PP, the milk yield of cows in both CLA-treated groups was approximately 4.5 kg higher (p < 0.05) than in control. Milk fat concentrations decreased from week 3 and were lower in both CLA groups than in control (p < 0.01). Body condition score loss was lower (p < 0.05) in the CLA1 than in the control group on week 5 PP. By week 11 PP, the body condition of both CLA1 and CLA2 groups exceeded that of control. Plasma non-esterified fatty acid was lower in CLA1 compared to CLA2 and control during the early PP period (p < 0.05), while this difference faded away by the late PP period. Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) increased rapidly in all groups following calving. In CLA1 group, it began to decrease sooner than in CLA2 and control. The prevalence of subclinical ketosis (BHBA > 1.2 mm) was lower in CLA1 group than in CLA2 and control (p < 0.05). Liver biopsy analyses showed that CLA1 treatment decreased (p < 0.05) the total lipid content of liver compared to control at week 5 after calving. Our results show that CLA supplementation is more efficient in alleviating body mass mobilization and decreasing the incidence of subclinical ketosis when applied as early as 3 weeks before calving than started feeding after calving.

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“…Underwood and Suttle (1999) recommended 3.0-6.0 mg/kg DM in goat liver as marginal values for the diagnosis of manganese deficiency. Since the average dry matter content in the liver varies between 20 and 36% (Rosendo and McDowell 2003), we can say that the kids from both groups in our experiment were sufficiently supplied with manganese.…”

Section: Organsmentioning

confidence: 91%

The effect of manganese supplementation on its concentrations in blood, hair, and organs of goat kids

et al. 2014

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with an organic form of manganese on its concentration in blood, hair, and organs of goat kids. A total of 27 kids were divided into control and experimental groups on the day of their birth (Day 1). The kids were on mother's milk only diet until the day of weaning (Day 70). After weaning the kids received pellets at doses 0.3 kg/head/day for next 70 days. The control group received pellets (manganese content 36.7 mg/kg) and the experimental group received pellets with extra manganese addition in the form of manganese proteinate at the amount of 220 mg/kg. Blood samples were taken on days 1, 70, 105, and 140; hair samples on days 1, 70, and 140. At the end of experiment, 7 kids from each group were slaughtered and samples of heart, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, muscle, and brain were taken. Manganese concentration was determined from fresh tissues after microwave digestion by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Kids of the experimental group had a significantly higher manganese concentration in the liver (4.90 vs. 3.06 mg/kg), heart (0.47 vs 0.28 mg/kg), kidney (1.29 vs. 0.87 mg/kg), brain (0.33 vs 0.26 mg/kg), and hair (4.25 vs. 3.14 mg/kg) compared to the control group. The manganese concentration in blood was not affected by supplementation. Results of this study indicate that using the mentioned organs and hair for evaluation of the manganese status in an organism is more suitable than the determination of manganese concentration in blood.

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Relationship between Liver Dry Matter and Liver Lipids in Periparturient Dairy Cows

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Liver phosphorus content in Holstein-Friesian cows during the transition period

Liver phosphorus content in Holstein-Friesian cows during the transition period

Effect of pre‐ and post‐partum supplementation with lipid‐encapsulated conjugated linoleic acid on milk yield and metabolic status in multiparous high‐producing dairy cows

The effect of manganese supplementation on its concentrations in blood, hair, and organs of goat kids

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