Relationship between bridging and dimensions of sella turcica with classification of craniofacial skeleton

Abstract

PurposeIn orthodontics, it is essential to determine the craniofacial skeleton pattern (class I, II, III) for planning treatment. Sella turcica bridging that is seen on lateral cephalometric radiographs is considered as a normal finding. This study aimed to compare sella turcica bridging and its dimensions in patients with various craniofacial patterns.Material and methodsA total of 105 lateral cephalometric radiographs (53 men and 52 women), aged 14–26 years, were randomly and equally assigned to three groups of class I, II, and III, respectively. The length, diameter, and depth of the sella turcica as well as sella turcica bridging were determined on radiographs. The chi-squared test was used for assessing the relationship between sella turcica bridging and craniofacial skeleton classification. ANOVA was used for assessing the relationship between the dimensions of the sella turcica and craniofacial skeleton classification. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used for assessing the relationship between age and the dimensions of the sella turcica.ResultsThe sella turcica had a normal shape in 64.76% of patients, whereas 35.33% of patients had sella turcica bridging. In total, 11.42% of patients belonged to class I, 34.28% to class II, and 66.62% to class III. The diameter of the sella turcica had a significant relationship with age; the diameter of the sella turcica increased with age (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThere is a significant relationship between craniofacial skeleton patterns and sella turcica bridging, i.e., the incidence of sella turcica bridging is higher in class III patients. The sella turcica had a greater diameter in older patients.

Morphology of Sella Turcica and Bridging Prevalence Correlated with Sex and Craniofacial Skeletal Pattern in Eastern Asia Population: CBCT Study

“…Also, the prevalence rate for types of sella turcica bridging did not differ between the three skeletal relations ( p = 0.2747) ( Table 4 ). This result differs from those in the literature using lateral cephalometric X-ray films [ 11 – 13 , 15 , 20 , 22 , 23 , 37 ]. For example, Becktor et al [ 15 ] noted that compared with normal individuals, patients with severe craniofacial deviations had greater STB incidence rates.…”

“…These results indicated a higher probability of STB and abnormal sella turcica sizes in the combined surgical-orthodontic group. Sobuti et al [ 13 ] investigated 105 Iranian patients aged 14–26 using lateral cephalometric X-ray images, analyzing the sella turcica dimensions and STB incidence rates for cases of Class I, II, and III skeletal malocclusions. They noted that STB was significantly correlated with craniofacial skeleton classification, with the incidence rate of STB being higher in skeletal Class III.…”

“…Most previous studies on the assessment of sella turcica used traditional 2D lateral cephalometric radiographs to determine the existence of STB [7][8][9], and cephalometric analysis can be affected if an STB is present [10][11][12][13][14].…”

“…In addition, STB incidence rates differ across populations [ 25 , 26 ]. Reviewing English literature, most studies on sella turcica have been conducted in Western countries with most of them have used 2D X-ray images [ 11 – 13 , 20 ] and only a few employed 3D CBCT scans [ 16 ]. Furthermore, to our knowledge, there are no CBCT studies on sella turcica for Eastern Asia population.…”

Sella turcica morphology in patients with genetic syndromes: A systematic review

“…A short clivus was also found in 94% of those with Mulibrey Nanism (n = 16) 21,50 . Sella turcica bridging is caused by excessive ossification of the ligaments stretched between the anterior and posterior clinoid processes of the sphenoid, 54 and is another normal morphological variation of the sella turcica 53 . However, bridging is frequently associated with dental and skeletal malformations 5 .…”