Relation of Combined Non–High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Apolipoprotein B With Atherosclerosis in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Bjornstad, Petter; Eckel, Robert H.; Pyle, Laura; Rewers, Marian; Maahs, David M.; Snell‐Bergeon, Janet K.

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.07.020

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Several studies have tried to better characterize CVD risk in patients with T1DM [ 32 , 33 ]. One of them showed that combining non-HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B provides a better estimation of increased CVD risk in adults with T1DM than any of these values used alone [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low cholesterol efflux capacity and abnormal lipoprotein particles in youth with type 1 diabetes: a case control study

Gourgari

Playford

Campia

et al. 2018

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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Background Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) have increased mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Risk factors for CVD include an elevation of LDL (LDLp) and small HDL (sHDLp) particles, and a decrease in reverse cholesterol transport i.e. HDL-cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC). Our objective was to compare lipoprotein particles and CEC between T1DM and healthy controls (HC) and to explore the associations between NMR lipid particles and cholesterol efflux. Methods 78 patients with T1DM and 59 HC underwent fasting lipoprotein profile testing by NMR and measurements of CEC by cell-based method. The associations between NMR lipid particles with CEC were analyzed using multivariable linear regression models. Results Youth with T1DM had higher total LDLp 724 [(563–985) vs 622 (476–794) nmol/L (P = 0.011)] (Maahs et al. in Circulation 130(17):1532–58, 2014; Shah et al. in Pediatr Diabetes 16(5):367–74, 2015), sHDLp [11.20 (5.7–15.3) vs 7.0 (3.2–13.1) μmol/L (P = 0.021)], and lower medium HDLp [11.20 (8.5–14.5) vs 12.3 (9–19.4), (P = 0.049)] and lower CEC (0.98 ± 0.11% vs 1.05 ± 0.15%, P = 0.003) compared to HC. Moreover, CEC correlated with sHDLp (β = − 0.28, P = 0.045) and large HDLp (β = 0.46, P < 0.001) independent of age, sex, ethnicity, BMIz, HbA1c, hsCRP and total HDLp in the diabetic cohort. Conclusions Youth with T1DM demonstrated a more atherogenic profile including higher sHDL and LDLp and lower CEC. Future efforts should focus on considering adding lipoprotein particles and CEC in CVD risk stratification of youth with T1DM. Trial registration Clinical Trials Registration Number NCT02275091

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low cholesterol efflux capacity and abnormal lipoprotein particles in youth with type 1 diabetes: a case control study

Gourgari

Playford

Campia

et al. 2018

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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“…Non-HDL cholesterol is regarded as an important indicator of cardiovascular risk [40]. In addition, soy leaves have been reported to reduce non-HDL cholesterol, although serum total cholesterol showed a trend of lowering effects in hamsters [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of Pterocarpan-High Soybean Leaf Extract on Metabolic Syndrome in Overweight and Obese Korean Subjects: Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2016

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Pterocarpans are known to have antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties. However, little is known about the changes in transcriptional profiles in response to a pterocarpan-high soybean leaf extract (PT). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of PT on blood glucose and lipid levels, as well as on the inflammation-related gene expression based on a peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) mRNA sequencing analysis in Korean overweight and obese subjects with mild metabolic syndrome. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups and were administered either placebo (starch, 3 g/day) or PT (2 g/day) for 12 weeks. The PT intervention did not change body weight, body fat percentage and body mass index (BMI). However, PT significantly decreased the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma glucose, free fatty acid, total cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol levels after 12 weeks. Furthermore, PT supplementation significantly lowered the homeostatic index of insulin resistance, as well as the plasma levels of inflammatory markers. Finally, the mRNA sequencing analysis revealed that PT downregulated genes related to immune responses. PT supplementation is beneficial for the improvement of metabolic syndrome by altering the fasting blood and plasma glucose, HbA1c, plasma lipid levels and inflammation-related gene expression in PBMCs.

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“…CTCA can also be used to generate CAC scores. Patients with T1DM with both elevated apoB and non-HDL cholesterol have greater CAC [ 82 ]. Progression of CAC is also strongly associated with HbA1c and glycaemic variability [ 83 ].…”

Section: Surrogate Measurements Of Atherosclerosis: Screening and Detmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Risk in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Schofield

Soran

2019

Diabetes Ther

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Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with premature cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes recently updated their position statement on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to include additional focus on cardiovascular risk; improved management of risk factors in T1DM is also needed. There are important differences in the pathophysiology of CVD in T1DM and T2DM. Hyperglycaemia appears to have a more profound effect on cardiovascular risk in T1DM than T2DM, and other risk factors appear to cause a synergistic rather than additive effect, so achievement of treatment targets for all recognized risk factors is crucial to reducing cardiovascular risk. Here we discuss the evidence for addressing established cardiovascular risk factors, candidate biomarkers and surrogate measurements, and possible interventions.

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Relation of Combined Non–High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Apolipoprotein B With Atherosclerosis in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Low cholesterol efflux capacity and abnormal lipoprotein particles in youth with type 1 diabetes: a case control study

Low cholesterol efflux capacity and abnormal lipoprotein particles in youth with type 1 diabetes: a case control study

Beneficial Effects of Pterocarpan-High Soybean Leaf Extract on Metabolic Syndrome in Overweight and Obese Korean Subjects: Randomized Controlled Trial

Cardiovascular Risk in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

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