Relation between cotinine in the urine and indices based on self-declared smoking habits

Tsutsumi, Akiko; Kagawa, Jun; Yamano, Yuko; Nakadate, Toshio; Shimizu, Satoru

doi:10.1007/bf02897976

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…We found that deep inhalation increased risk of lung cancer although the odds ratios were no longer significant after adjusting for the CSI. This result should be seen with caution, since self-reporting of inhalation patterns may not adequately reflect cotinine levels [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of lung cancer among women in relation to lifetime history of tobacco smoking: a population-based case-control study in France (the WELCA study)

et al. 2021

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Background This study aims to provide new insights on the role of smoking patterns and cigarette dependence in female lung cancer, and to examine differences by histological subtype. Methods We conducted a population-based case-control study in the great Paris area among women including 716 incident cases diagnosed between 2014 and 2017 and 757 age-matched controls. Detailed data on smoking history was collected during in-person interviews to assess intensity and duration of tobacco smoking, time since cessation, smoking habits (depth of smoke inhalation, use of filter, type of tobacco, and type of cigarettes) and Fagerström test for cigarette dependence. The comprehensive smoking index (CSI), a score modelling the combined effects of intensity, duration and time since quitting smoking was determined for each subject. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and their confidence intervals (95%CI) of lung cancer associated with smoking variables. Results Lung cancer risk increased linearly with intensity and duration of tobacco smoking while it decreased with time since cessation, to reach the risk in never-smokers after 20 years of abstinence. The combined effect of intensity and duration of tobacco smoking was more than multiplicative (p-interaction 0.012). The OR in the highest vs the lowest quartile of CSI was 12.64 (95%CI 8.50; 18.80) (p-trend < 0.001). The risk of small cell or squamous cell carcinomas increased with the CSI more sharply than the risk of adenocarcinomas. Deep smoke inhalation, dark vs blond tobacco, conventional vs light cigarettes, and unfiltered vs filtered cigarettes, as well as having mixed smoking habits, were found to be independent risk factors. Having high cigarette addiction behaviours also increased the risk after adjusting for CSI. Conclusion This study provides additional insights on the effects of tobacco smoking patterns on lung cancer risk among women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of lung cancer among women in relation to lifetime history of tobacco smoking: a population-based case-control study in France (the WELCA study)

et al. 2021

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“…We are currently involved in a separate project to review accuracy of reporting smoking habits, using cotinine to validate self-reported smoking habits. We are aware of five studies in Asian populations, three in Japan 62– 64 , one in Korea 65 and one of South-East Asians resident in the USA 66 , which report results separately for never, ex and current smokers and by sex. All five give results for women, and four do so for men, and the proportion of true current smokers in self-reported never or ex-smokers (as judged by high cotinine levels) in women (range 12.3% to 61.6%, overall 45.8%) is much higher than it is men (range 0.4% to 6.0%, overall 3.4%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of cigarette smoking in Japan to lung cancer, COPD, ischemic heart disease and stroke: A systematic review

Forey

Thornton

et al. 2018

F1000Res

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To present up-to-date meta-analyses of evidence from Japan Background: relating smoking to major smoking-related diseases.We restricted attention to lung cancer, chronic obstructive Methods: pulmonary disease (COPD), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, considering relative risks (RRs) for current and ex-smokers relative to never smokers. Evidence by amount smoked and time quit was also considered. For IHD and stroke only, studies had to provide age-adjusted RRs, with age-specific results considered. For each disease we extended earlier published databases to include more recent studies. Meta-analyses were conducted, with random-effects RRs and tests of heterogeneity presented.Of 40 studies, 26 reported results for lung cancer and 7 to 9 for each Results: other disease. For current smoking, RRs (95%CIs) were lung cancer 3.59 (3.25-3.96), COPD 3.57 (2.72-4.70), IHD 2.21 (1.96-2.50) and stroke 1.40 (1.25-1.57). Ex-smoking RRs were lower. Data for lung cancer and IHD showed a clear tendency for RRs to rise with increasing amount smoked and decrease with increasing time quit. Dose-response data were unavailable for COPD and unclear for stroke, where the association was weaker.Compared to studies in other Asian and Western countries, Conclusions: current smoking RRs were quite similar for IHD and stroke. The comparison is not clear for COPD, where the Japanese data, mainly from cross-sectional studies, is limited. For lung cancer, the RRs are similar to those in other Asian countries, but substantially lower than in Western countries. Explanations for this are unclear, but less accurate reporting of smoking by Japanese may contribute to the difference.

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“…Trained personnel obtained the following information at the time of recruitment and at each visit thereafter: age, sex, spirometric values, mMRC dyspnea scale, six minute walk distance (6MWD), and the body mass index (BMI), calculated as the weight in kilograms divided by height in meters 2 . Patients were asked about their smoking history (age at initiation and discontinuation, as well as intensity), and if they still smoked (current or former) [ 10 ]. From this information we calculated the total smoking exposure and expressed it as pack-years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is COPD a Progressive Disease? A Long Term Bode Cohort Observation

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Diseases (GOLD) defines COPD as a disease that is usually progressive. GOLD also provides a spirometric classification of airflow limitation. However, little is known about the long-term changes of patients in different GOLD grades.ObjectiveExplore the proportion and characteristics of COPD patients that change their spirometric GOLD grade over long-term follow-up.MethodsPatients alive for at least 8 years since recruitment and those who died with at least 4 years of repeated spirometric measurements were selected from the BODE cohort database. We purposely included the group of non survivors to avoid a “survival selection” bias. The proportion of patients that had a change (improvement or worsening) in their spirometric GOLD grading was calculated and their characteristics compared with those that remained in the same grade.ResultsA total of 318 patients were included in the survivor and 217 in the non-survivor groups. Nine percent of survivors and 11% of non survivors had an improvement of at least one GOLD grade. Seventy one percent of survivors and non-survivors remained in the same GOLD grade. Those that improved had a greater degree of airway obstruction at baseline.ConclusionsIn this selected population of COPD patients, a high proportion of patients remained in the same spirometric GOLD grade or improved in a long-term follow-up. These findings suggest that once diagnosed, COPD is usually a non-progressive disease.

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Relation between cotinine in the urine and indices based on self-declared smoking habits

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Risk of lung cancer among women in relation to lifetime history of tobacco smoking: a population-based case-control study in France (the WELCA study)

Risk of lung cancer among women in relation to lifetime history of tobacco smoking: a population-based case-control study in France (the WELCA study)

The relationship of cigarette smoking in Japan to lung cancer, COPD, ischemic heart disease and stroke: A systematic review

Is COPD a Progressive Disease? A Long Term Bode Cohort Observation

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