Relação entre habilidades cognitivas de processamento visual e inteligência fluida com o desempenho em aritmética

Abstract

Este artigo está licenciado sob forma de uma licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional, que permite uso irrestrito, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, desde que a publicação original seja corretamente citada. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.pt_BR Artigo originAl ISSN 1980-8623 Relationship between cognitive abilities of visual processing and fluid intelligence with arithmetic performance AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive skills like visual processing and fluid intelligence assessed by the Leiter-R and arithmetic performance in elementary school students. 51 children were evaluated between 7 and 8 years of age (52.94% boys and 47.06% girls), belonging to the 2nd and 3rd years of public and private schools. Positive, significant and moderate correlations were observed between the Analogies and Sequential Order Subtests of the Leiter-R with arithmetic skills like numerical processing and calculation. Both explained 25% of variance in arithmetic. By analyzing the data separately by school, similar results were obtained for private school, but few correlations were observed with children in public school. The findings of this study support the literature regarding the relationship between cognitive abilities and performance in arithmetic, emphasizing the importance of school type as the variable to be considered in these studies.Keywords: Intelligence; Inductive reasoning; Visual discrimination; Numeric processing; Calculation. Relación entre las habilidades cognitivas del procesamiento visual y inteligencia fluida con el rendimiento en aritmética ResumenEl objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la relación entre la inteligencia fluida y procesamiento visual, evaluado por el Leiter-R, y aritmética de los estudiantes de Escuela Elemental I. 51 niños fueron evaluados entre 7 y 8 años de edad (52,94% hombres; 47.06% mujeres), pertenecientes a la 2º y 3º años de escuelas públicas y privadas. Se observaron correlaciones positivas, significativas y de magnitud moderada entre los subtests Secuencias y Analogías con habilidades de procesamiento numérico y cálculo. Tanto explicó 25% de la varianza en la aritmética. Al analizar los datos por tipo de escuela, se obtuvieron resultados similares para la escuela privada, pero pocas correlaciones se observaron con los niños en escuela pública. Los hallazgos apoyan la literatura sobre la relación entre las capacidades cognitivas y el rendimiento en aritmética, haciendo hincapié en la importancia de la escuela como el tipo de variable a considerar en estos estudios.