Reinterpreting Time in Fit Theory: Crafting and Recrafting Narratives of Fit in Medias Res

Shipp, Abbie J.; Jansen, Karen J.

doi:10.5465/amr.2009.0077

Cited by 155 publications

(175 citation statements)

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“…Although some prior work assumes that cultural fit can change over time, especially during early newcomer adjustment to an organization (Bauer et al 2007, Chatman 1991, compelling theoretical accounts of the dynamics and consequences of cultural fit remain largely absent from the literature (Shipp and Jansen 2011). We trace this paucity of theoretical development to a methodological source: the tools that have heretofore been used to measure culture within organizations-such as participant observation (Kunda 2006, Van Maanen 1991 or self-report surveys (e.g., O'Reilly et al 1991, Jones 1986, Hofstede et al 2010, Van Maanen 1975-are simply ill-suited to detecting finegrained, temporal variation in cultural fit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enculturation Trajectories: Language, Cultural Adaptation, and Individual Outcomes in Organizations

et al. 2018

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How do people adapt to organizational culture and what are the consequences for their outcomes in the organization? These fundamental questions about culture have previously been examined using self-report measures, which are subject to reporting bias, rely on coarse cultural categories defined by researchers, and provide only static snapshots of cultural fit. In contrast, we develop an interactional language use model that overcomes these limitations and opens new avenues for theoretical development about the dynamics of organizational culture. We trace the enculturation trajectories of employees in a mid-sized technology firm based on analyses of 10.24 million internal emails. Our language-based model of changing cultural fit: (1) predicts individual attainment; (2) reveals distinct patterns of adaptation for employees who exit voluntarily, exit involuntarily, and remain employed; (3) demonstrates that rapid early cultural adaptation reduces the risk of involuntary, but not voluntary, exit; and (4) finds that a decline in cultural fit for individuals who had successfully enculturated portends voluntary departure.Key words : organizational culture, enculturation, cultural fit, attainment, linguistic accommodation IntroductionOrganizational scholars have long recognized the importance of culture in shaping individual, group, and organizational success. For example, culture features prominently in research on the efficacy of newcomer socialization (e.g., Ashforth and Saks 1996), the productivity of groups and teams (e.g., Chatman et al. 1998), and organizational performance following the merger of two firms (e.g., Weber and Camerer 2003). Although the definitions of culture have varied somewhat across these research streams, prior research has tended to treat organizational culture as a static construct and therefore emphasized the importance of achieving cultural fit-an informal threshold that an organizational member either ultimately succeeds, or fails, to cross (Van Maanen and Schein 1979, Ashford and Nurmohamed 2012)-for various indicators of performance (O'Reilly et al. 1991, Rivera 2012). Yet organizational enculturation is a dynamic and ongoing process. Cultural fit, therefore, is an elastic construct. In this paper, we examine the question: How is the specific temporal pattern of a person's cultural compatibility with colleagues in an organization related to her career outcomes in that setting?Although some prior work assumes that cultural fit can change over time, especially during early newcomer adjustment to an organization (Bauer et al. 2007, Chatman 1991, compelling theoretical accounts of the dynamics and consequences of cultural fit remain largely absent from the literature (Shipp and Jansen 2011). We trace this paucity of theoretical development to a methodological source: the tools that have heretofore been used to measure culture within organizations-such as participant observation (Kunda 2006, Van Maanen 1991 or self-report surveys (e.g., O'Reilly et al. 1991, Jones 1986, Hofstede et al. 2010,...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enculturation Trajectories: Language, Cultural Adaptation, and Individual Outcomes in Organizations

et al. 2018

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“…The first is Shipp and Jansen's (2011) paper on individual narration using 'time in fit' theory and the second is David Boje's (2008) book 'Storytelling Organizations,' which explores narrative and story at the more macro level of groups and organizations. Shipp and Jansen (2011) demonstrate how individuals craft and re-craft stories of 'fit' between individual characteristics (needs, motives and values) and environmental characteristics (job demands, prospects, organizational values etc.). They show how protean past, present and future narratives are interwoven and re-framed to enable sense-making of fit experiences over time.…”

Section: Nice Individuals and Nice Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The paper demonstrates how past, present and future fit narratives are recrafted over time to accommodate changes brought through time. Shipp and Jansen (2011) therefore, in the terms expressed in this paper, provide a micro-level NICE framework that allows empirical exploration of individual level narrative, culture and identity construction over time. Boje (2008) provides a complexity-based, collective-level approach that complements the individual approach of Shipp & Jansen and is equally consonant with a NICE agenda.…”

Section: Nice Individuals and Nice Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A NICE agenda for IMP research

Lowe

Hwang

2012

Industrial Marketing Management

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“…Les chercheurs conceptualisent le temps de différentes façons (voir la synthèse récente de Shipp et Jansen, 2011). En effet, certains auteurs s'intéressent au temps quantitatif qu'ils représentent par une horloge (par exemple, voir Bluedorn et Denhardt, 1988 ;Landes, 1983), tandis que d'autres (voir Clark, 1985 ;McGrath et Rotchford, 1983) soutiennent que le temps est autre chose qu'un temps uniforme, homogène et purement quantitatif (Sorokin et Merton, 1937).…”

Section: Les Conceptualisations Du Temps Le Temps Organisationnel Etunclassified

“…La PT passé positif décrit l'individu ayant eu des expériences positives dans le passé et ayant mémorisé des événements positifs (Apostolidis et Fieulaine, 2004 ;Fried et Slowik, 2004 ;Shipp et Jansen, 2011). On pourrait a priori penser que cet individu qui souffre ou qui a souffert d'une privation prolongée de PT (Agarwal et al, 1983) n'est pas vigilant.…”

Section: La Relation Entre La Perspective Temporelle Passé Positif Etunclassified

Le rôle potentiellement déterminant de la perspective temporelle dans la vigilance entrepreneuriale : propositions et modèle théoriques1

Levasseur

Léger-Jarniou

2015

ipme

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De nombreux articles en psychologie montrent que l’ensemble des points de vue que l’individu a de son passé, de son présent et de son futur (sa perspective temporelle) exerce une influence sur ses cognitions et ses comportements. Nous étendons les résultats de ces articles au champ de l’entrepreneuriat et suggérons que la perspective temporelle peut influencer la vigilance de l’entrepreneur (elle peut agir comme un déterminant potentiel qui précède la vigilance). Notre contribution de recherche cherche alors à mieux comprendre le rôle que peut jouer la perspective temporelle dans certains aspects essentiels de l’entrepreneuriat comme la vigilance entrepreneuriale (c’est-à-dire, la capacité de l’entrepreneur à voir les opportunités négligées par d’autres). L’objectif principal de notre contribution de recherche est de construire des propositions et un modèle théoriques reliant la perspective temporelle selon Zimbardo et Boyd (1999) et la vigilance entrepreneuriale selon Tang, Kacmar et Busenitz (2012). La mise en rapport de ces deux conceptualisations constitue l’apport principal de notre contribution de recherche. Une discussion, des implications, des limites et des directions pour les recherches futures sont également présentées.

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Reinterpreting Time in Fit Theory: Crafting and Recrafting Narratives of Fit in Medias Res

Cited by 155 publications

References 160 publications

Enculturation Trajectories: Language, Cultural Adaptation, and Individual Outcomes in Organizations

Enculturation Trajectories: Language, Cultural Adaptation, and Individual Outcomes in Organizations

A NICE agenda for IMP research

Le rôle potentiellement déterminant de la perspective temporelle dans la vigilance entrepreneuriale : propositions et modèle théoriques1

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