Reinnervation of Flaps and Grafts of the Face

Single follicular unit transplantation reconstructs arrector pili muscle and nerve connections and restores functional hair follicle piloerection

“…7,16 Fully functional autologous or allogeneic skin grafting and artificial skin, which has no skin appendages, transplantation is clinically applicable for skin defects due to burn, injury and ulcer. 17,18 Reproducible sensory innervation of skin grafts and bioengineered skin equivalents could have been previously reported. 1,14,19 The sensory neuron, which is connected to the follicular bulge region, provide a epidermal stem cell niche in the adult skin.…”

“…The peripheral nervous system has essential roles in cooperative functions of tissue and organ, such as voluntary and involuntary movement, regulatory external secretion of saliva, sebum and sweat, which are protection functions against the drying surface of mucosa and skin, and the perception of noxious stimulations, such as contact, warmth, pain and mechanical stresses 7,16 . Fully functional autologous or allogeneic skin grafting and artificial skin, which has no skin appendages, transplantation is clinically applicable for skin defects due to burn, injury and ulcer 17,18 . Reproducible sensory innervation of skin grafts and bioengineered skin equivalents could have been previously reported 1,14,19 .…”

Cutaneous Depth of the Supraorbital Nerve

“…These branches pierced through the frontalis at various vertical distances above the superior orbital rim, but a median line was identified in each cadaver, and this had an average height of 2.60 cm above the superior orbital rim (Figure 2). 23,24 Damage to the supratrochlear or supraorbital neurovascular bundles can cause numbness, itching, or formication of the forehead. We measured an average depth of the SON on the surface of the frontalis as 0.3 cm with a range of 0.2 to 0.6 cm.…”

Survey of patients’ experiences after nail surgery

“…Excision and ligature of myxoid cyst under proximal nailfold (9) Shelling out of glomus tumour from beneath matrix (4) Excision of entire nail unit ( occurs most commonly in areas where tissue has been directly traumatised during surgery and that the larger the treated area, the larger the degree of sensory loss. 5,6 This has been assessed qualitatively and quantitatively using a 'pressure-specified sensory device'.…”

“…Duration of sensory disturbance appears to be shortlived (< 9 months) in documented cases, although the larger the area treated, the slower sensation is to return, and in some cases no improvement was experienced. 8,9 We remain uncertain as to how much continued improvement there is after 12 months, but patients will want to consider this potential adverse event in the light of the dominance of the digit and the nature of their daily activities.…”