Regulation of memory accuracy with multiple answers: The plurality option.

Luna, Karlos; Higham, Philip A.; Martín-Luengo, Beatriz

doi:10.1037/a0023276

Cited by 32 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…As the main objective was to test the effects of our manipulations on the regulation of accuracy with the plurality option, we determined sample size from past studies on the plurality option. The first study using the plurality option, Luna et al (2011), reported Cohen's d of 1.37 and 0.70, and other studies found similar effect sizes (e.g., Luna et al, 2015). Power analysis suggested that the minimum sample size to find an effect size of 0.70 was 18 participants, with α = .05 and 1 -β = .80.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…For example, Luna et al (2011) found that the accuracy for all single answers, the equivalent of the accuracy in a multiple-choice test with forced answer, was .41 (Experiment 1) and .28 (Experiment 2), and that the accuracy of the final report, which included a mix of single and plural answers, increased to .66 and .59, respectively. The power of the regulation of accuracy was shown in a study examining the effect of misinformation (Luna & Martín-Luengo, 2012b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This increase is termed the memory benefit of the regulation of accuracy. The regulation of accuracy by adding alternatives is known as the plurality option (Luna, Higham, & Martín-Luengo, 2011), and has proven successful in increasing accuracy (Higham, 2013;Luna et al, 2011; see also the grain size regulation of accuracy for research based on the same principles, e.g., Ackerman & Goldsmith, 2008;Goldsmith, Koriat, & Weinberg-Eliezer, 2002;Goldsmith, Koriat, & Pansky, 2005;Weber & Brewer, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The (limited) effect of emotional arousal in the regulation of accuracy in eyewitness memory

Luna

Martín-Luengo

2018

Psicológica Journal

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Witnesses encoding a crime are likely to feel negative emotions with high arousal, e.g., anxiety or fear. Negative emotions improve memory for central information and impair memory for peripheral information. In this study we explored the effects of emotional arousal and type of information in the regulation of accuracy. The regulation of accuracy allows participants to maximize accuracy, for example, by deciding on the number of alternatives in their response (the plurality option). Participants were induced with highand low-arousal negative emotions and then shown a slideshow of a crime. Afterwards, they answered questions about central and peripheral contents of the event. Questions followed the basic plurality option procedure. First, participants selected one alternative (single answer); second, they selected three alternatives (plural answer); and, finally, they decided on reporting either the single or the plural answer. Results showed successful manipulation of arousal, and that the regulation of accuracy led to a greater increase in accuracy for peripheral than for central information, but no differences depending on the level of arousal. We also identified two factors that increased accuracy in the plurality option: the ability to discard answers with low chances of being correct and the addition of answers with higher chances of being correct. Either one, or both, can increase witness accuracy.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The (limited) effect of emotional arousal in the regulation of accuracy in eyewitness memory

Luna

Martín-Luengo

2018

Psicológica Journal

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Questões de conhecimento geral são também utilizadas em estudos sobre a regulação da exatidão (Ackerman & Goldsmith, 2008;Koriat & Goldsmith, 1996;Luna, Higham, & Martín-Luengo, 2011). A regulação da exatidão consiste no controlo estratégico das recordações com o intuito de aumentar a sua exatidão, ou seja, alterar ou modificar a informação relatada para garantir uma maior exatidão geral (Ackerman & Goldsmith, 2008;Koriat & Goldsmith, 1996;Luna, Higham, & Martín-Luengo, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Construção e validação de questões de conhecimento geral

Fundinho

Luna

Albuquerque

2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Second, the metamemory perspective underscores the fact that the process of remembering does not stop when memory is retrieved but continues in the form of metamemory decisions which determine how information retrieved from memory will be used to build a memory report -that is, the overt answer provided to a memory question (Koriat & Goldsmith, 1996). Research on metamemory revealed a host of factors that determine whether certain information will be included in a memory report (Koriat & Goldsmith, 1994) or the level of specificity at which this information will be described (Goldsmith, Koriat, & Pansky, 2005;Luna, Higham, & Martín-Luengo, 2011).Although these two perspectives -metamemory and social memory -provide a variety of novel insights into the nature of remembering, they are commonly applied separately. In the present study we merge these perspectives on remembering, revealing a novel layer of complexity where social factors interact with metamemory processes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory, metamemory, and social cues: Between conformity and resistance.

Zawadzka

Krogulska

Button

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

When presented with responses of another person, people incorporate these responses into memory reports: a finding termed memory conformity. Research on memory conformity in recognition reveals that people rely on external social cues to guide their memory responses when their own ability to respond is at chance. In this way, conforming to a reliable source boosts recognition performance but conforming to a random source does not impair it. In the present study we assessed whether people would conform indiscriminately to reliable and unreliable (random) sources when they are given the opportunity to exercise metamemory control over their responding by withholding answers in a recognition test. In Experiments 1 and 2, we found the pattern of memory conformity to reliable and unreliable sources in two variants of a free-report recognition test, yet at the same time the provision of external cues did not affect the rate of response withholding. In Experiment 3, we provided participants with initial feedback on their recognition decisions, facilitating the discrimination between the reliable and unreliable source. This led to the reduction of memory conformity to the unreliable source, and at the same time modulated metamemory decisions concerning response withholding: participants displayed metamemory conformity to the reliable source, volunteering more responses in their memory report, and metamemory resistance to the random source, withholding more responses from the memory report. Together, the results show how metamemory decisions dissociate various types of memory conformity and that memory and metamemory decisions can be independent of each other. Keywords: Memory conformity, Metamemory, Recognition MEMORY, METAMEMORY, AND SOCIAL CUES 3Memory, metamemory, and social cues: Between conformity and resistance Remembering has long been considered exclusively as a process of encoding, storing and retrieving information from one's memory. This perspective neglects, however, a variety of factors that affect remembering yet do not concern the core memory processes. Two instances of such extra-memorial factors in remembering gained much attention in recent years. First, the social perspective underscores the fact that remembering often does not unfold in social isolation, but rather in the presence and with active participation of other people (Blank, 2009;Hirst & Echterhoff, 2012;Hirst & Rajaram, 2014; Rajaram & PereiraPasarin, 2010). A number of important studies have shown how collaborating with other people affects remembering, often in negative ways, reducing output from memory (Basden, Basden, Bryner, & Thomas, 1997) or introducing errors (Gabbert, Memon, & Allan, 2003;Meade & Roediger, 2002). Second, the metamemory perspective underscores the fact that the process of remembering does not stop when memory is retrieved but continues in the form of metamemory decisions which determine how information retrieved from memory will be used to build a memory report -that is, the overt answer provided to a memory ...

show abstract

Regulation of memory accuracy with multiple answers: The plurality option.

Cited by 32 publications

References 32 publications

The (limited) effect of emotional arousal in the regulation of accuracy in eyewitness memory

The (limited) effect of emotional arousal in the regulation of accuracy in eyewitness memory

Construção e validação de questões de conhecimento geral

Memory, metamemory, and social cues: Between conformity and resistance.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About