Regulation of Experimental Peritonitis: A Complex Orchestration

Laurin, Louis-Philippe; Brissette, Marie-Joëlle; Lepage, Stephanie E.; Cailhier, Jean‐François

doi:10.1159/000334169

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…23 In the peritoneal cavity, the resident leukocyte population is composed of 45%-90% macrophages, 2%-6% dendritic cells, and less than 5% neutrophils. 24 These numbers are consistent with the results of our flow cytometry analysis, and mirror the typical cell distribution in the peritoneal lavage of healthy mice, which had received neither LPS nor pHrodo particles. After 20 h of LPS stimulation, we observed an accumulation of macrophages and DCs in the peritoneal lavage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Vancomycin and daptomycin modulate the innate immune response in a murine model of LPS-induced sepsis

Muenster

Zschernack

Dierig³

et al. 2021

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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Sepsis is a leading cause of death worldwide, despite the use of multimodal therapies. Common antibiotic regimens are being affected by a rising number of multidrug-resistant pathogens, and new therapeutic approaches are therefore needed. Antibiotics have immunomodulatory properties which appear to be beneficial in the treatment of sepsis. We hypothesized that the last-resort antibiotics vancomycin (VAN) and daptomycin (DMC) modulate cell migration, phagocytosis, and protein cytokine levels in a murine model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis. Ten to twelve-week-old C57BL/6 mice ( n = 4–6 animals per group) were stimulated with LPS for 20 h, followed by the administration of VAN or DMC. The outcome parameters were leukocyte accumulation and effector function. Quantification of the immune cells in the peritoneal lavage was performed using flow cytometry analysis. Phagocytosis was measured using pHrodo E. coli BioParticles. The response of the cytokines TNFα, IL-6, and IL-10 was measured in vitro using murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated with LPS and VAN or DMC. VAN decreased both the peritoneal macrophage and the dendritic cell populations following LPS stimulation. DMC reduced the dendritic cell population in the peritoneal cavity in LPS-infected mice. Both antibiotics increased the phagocytic activity in peritoneal macrophages, but this effect was diminished in response to LPS. Phagocytosis of dendritic cells was increased in LPS-infected animals treated with VAN. VAN and DMC differently modulated the levels of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines. In a murine model of LPS-induced sepsis, VAN and DMC exhibit immunomodulatory effects on cells involved in innate immunity. The question of whether these antibiotics exhibit synergistic effects in the treatment of septic patients, beyond their bactericidal properties, should be further evaluated in future studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Vancomycin and daptomycin modulate the innate immune response in a murine model of LPS-induced sepsis

Muenster

Zschernack

Dierig³

et al. 2021

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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“…Clinically, differentiation of dogs with SP from those with NSA can be challenging because these patients often present with similar histories and comparable clinical signs. In some situations, the peritoneal effusions generated by these two syndromes may also be difficult to distinguish because inflammation of the peritoneum can arise secondary to a variety of stimuli (44), including bacteria (45) and biochemical irritants such as pancreatic secretions (46), bile (47), or urine (48).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarker Guided Diagnosis of Septic Peritonitis in Dogs

Martiny

Goggs

2019

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Septic peritonitis (SP) is common in dogs and is associated with high mortality. Early recognition is essential to maximizing survival and may be aided by biomarker measurement. The present study aimed to evaluate the ability of biomarkers to discriminate septic peritonitis from non-septic ascites (NSA). Eighteen dogs with SP and 19 age-matched controls with NSA were enrolled. Contemporaneous blood and peritoneal effusion samples were obtained. Concentrations of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), cytokines, glucose, lactate, N-terminal pro-C-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proCNP), nucleosomes, and procalcitonin (PCT) were measured using commercial reagents and assays. Paired biomarker concentrations were compared with the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test, and biomarker concentrations between groups were compared with the Mann-Whitney U -test. P -values were adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni correction. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to assess the ability of the above biomarkers to discriminate SP from NSA. Dogs with SP had significantly greater blood CCL2 concentrations than dogs with NSA ( P = 0.032). Dogs with SP had significantly greater effusion CCL2, IL-6, IL-10, and lactate concentrations than dogs with NSA ( P ≤ 0.0121). Blood-effusion concentration gradients of CCL2, glucose, IL-6, IL-10, and lactate were significantly different in dogs with SP compared to dogs with NSA ( P ≤ 0.0165). Effusion lactate concentration had the highest AUROC value (0.866, 95% CI 0.751–0.980, P = 0.0001), although other biomarkers performed similarly. An effusion lactate concentration of 4.2 mmol/L was 72.2% (95% CI 46.5–90.3%) sensitive and 84.2% (95% CI 60.4–96.6%) specific for the diagnosis of SP.

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“…Infectious peritonitis offers a favorite experimental model to study the interactions between immune system and the peritoneal stroma ( 122 ). Infection with Gram positive bacteria such as Staphylococcal spp.…”

Section: Leukocyte Subpopulations Implicated In the Fibrotic Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Peritoneal Fibrosis: Focus on Immune Cells–Peritoneal Stroma Interactions

et al. 2021

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Peritoneal fibrosis is characterized by abnormal production of extracellular matrix proteins leading to progressive thickening of the submesothelial compact zone of the peritoneal membrane. This process may be caused by a number of insults including pathological conditions linked to clinical practice, such as peritoneal dialysis, abdominal surgery, hemoperitoneum, and infectious peritonitis. All these events may cause acute/chronic inflammation and injury to the peritoneal membrane, which undergoes progressive fibrosis, angiogenesis, and vasculopathy. Among the cellular processes implicated in these peritoneal alterations is the generation of myofibroblasts from mesothelial cells and other cellular sources that are central in the induction of fibrosis and in the subsequent functional deterioration of the peritoneal membrane. Myofibroblast generation and activity is actually integrated in a complex network of extracellular signals generated by the various cellular types, including leukocytes, stably residing or recirculating along the peritoneal membrane. Here, the main extracellular factors and the cellular players are described with emphasis on the cross-talk between immune system and cells of the peritoneal stroma. The understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying fibrosis of the peritoneal membrane has both a basic and a translational relevance, since it may be useful for setup of therapies aimed at counteracting the deterioration as well as restoring the homeostasis of the peritoneal membrane.

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Regulation of Experimental Peritonitis: A Complex Orchestration

Cited by 17 publications

References 48 publications

Vancomycin and daptomycin modulate the innate immune response in a murine model of LPS-induced sepsis

Vancomycin and daptomycin modulate the innate immune response in a murine model of LPS-induced sepsis

Biomarker Guided Diagnosis of Septic Peritonitis in Dogs

Mechanisms of Peritoneal Fibrosis: Focus on Immune Cells–Peritoneal Stroma Interactions

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