Regulation of Charge Carrier Dynamics in ZnO Microarchitecture‐Based UV/Visible Photodetector via Photonic‐Strain Induced Effects

Abstract

A feasible, morphological influence on photoresponse behavior of ZnO microarchitectures such as microwire (MW), coral-like microstrip (CMS), fibril-like clustered microwire (F-MW) grown by one-step carrier gas/metal catalyst "free" vapor transport technique is reported. Among them, ZnO F-MW exhibits higher photocurrent (I ) response, i.e., I > I > I . The unique structural alignment of ZnO F-MW has enhanced the I from 14.2 to 186, 221, 290 µA upon various light intensities such as 0 to 6, 11, 17 mW cm at λ . Herein, the nature of the as-fabricated ZnO photodetector (PD) is also demonstrated modulated by tuning the inner crystals piezoelectric potential through the piezo-phototronic effect. The I response of PD decreases monotonically by introducing compressive strain along the length of the device, which is due to the synergistic effect between the induced piezoelectric polarization and photogenerated charge carriers across the metal-semiconductor interface. The current behavior observed at the two interfaces acting as the source (S) and drain (D) is carefully investigated by analyzing the Schottky barrier heights (Φ ). This work can pave the way for the development of geometrically modified strain induced performances of PD to promote next generation self-powered optoelectronic integrated devices and switches.

Piezophototronic gated optofluidic logic computations empowering intrinsic reconfigurable switches

“…Under bias voltage of ±1 V to Y-OF, illumination of light ( λ 365 nm ) at an intensity of 24 mW/cm 2 (UV-ON) exhibits an ohmic behavior at Au/ZnO/Au interfaces with an increase in dark current ( I D ~40 nA) to the photocurrent ( I ph ) of ~18.36 μA (Fig. 2a) 22,23 . Further, Fig.…”

Triboelectric Nanogenerators: Design, Fabrication, Energy Harvesting, and Portable-Wearable Applications

“…Furthermore, the energy harvesters are performing some real-time applications by integrating it with battery or other storage devices. Apart from energy harvesting, these NG can work as a self-powered sensors such as pH sensors [19], glucose sensors [20], chemical sensors [21], humidity sensors [22,23], temperature sensors [24], air pressure sensors [25], motion sensor [26], optical sensor [27,28], and strain sensors [29]. To enhance the output power of the TENG devices, researchers across the globe performed the hybridization of these devices and studied the possibility of its use in extensive applications.…”

Piezophototronic Effect Modulated Multilevel Current Amplification from Highly Transparent and Flexible Device Based on Zinc Oxide Thin Film

“…Under thermal equilibrium, the Φ at both the contacts will be similar, that is Φ 1 = Φ 2 , as depicted in Figure S2 in the Supporting Information. However, with applied strain, a piezoelectric potential is generated, resulting in Φ at both the contacts will change . This change in the Φ height depends on the magnitude of applied strain and thus, with increasing the strain, the I – V characteristics changes toward the nonlinearity, as noticed in Figure S1 in the Supporting Information.…”

“…The possible reason behind this observation could be the change in bandgap and/or available carrier density under the strain. This is explained in detail at the end of this section . Once the strain is swept from compressive to tensile regions, the dark current can be effectively modulated from “low” to “high”, as presented in Figure S5 in the Supporting Information.…”

“…Even a small mechanical deformation (e.g., strain) can generate polarization charges and this offers an alternate way of modulating carrier generation, transport, separation, and/or recombination in optoelectronic devices, such as solar cells and light emitting diodes . Currently, the piezophototronic effect has been widely applied to enhance device performance however, its use for the multilevel current amplification has yet to be investigated …”