Reference values for the incremental shuttle walking test

Probst, Vanessa S.; Hernandes, Nídia A.; Teixeira, Denílson C.; Felcar, Josiane Marques; Mesquita, Rafael; Gonçalves, Cristiane Golias; Hayashi, Daniela; Singh, Sally; Pitta, Fábio

doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2011.07.023

Cited by 126 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We could not find studies about the behavior of blood pressure during the 2MWT. Higher values of systolic blood pressure were found at the peak of ISWT 17 in comparison with that observed in the present study (160 vs 140 mm Hg). This result was expected, as speed is gradually increased in the ISWT, and the test is not time-limited.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

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Reference Equation for the 2-Minute Walk Test in Adults and the Elderly

et al. 2013

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…There are currently several equations to predict DW in the 6MWT, 3 and there are two for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), 17,18 but there has been no reference equation for the 2MWT. Age and gender are variables commonly present in prediction equations for walking tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference Equation for the 2-Minute Walk Test in Adults and the Elderly

et al. 2013

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“…In total, 411 healthy adults have been recruited, with two studies conducted in South America contributing the most data [227,228]. The largest study has a median age of 50 years, which is at least a decade younger than that observed in pulmonary rehabilitation.…”

Section: Measurements and Reporting For Iswtmentioning

confidence: 99%

An official systematic review of the European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society: measurement properties of field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease

Singh¹,

Puhan²,

et al. 2014

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This systematic review examined the measurement properties of the 6-min walk test (6MWT), incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) and endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT) in adults with chronic respiratory disease.Studies that report the evaluation or use of the 6MWT, ISWT or ESWT were included. We searched electronic databases for studies published between January 2000 and September 2013.The 6-min walking distance (6MWD) is a reliable measure (intra-class correlation coefficients ranged from 0.82 to 0.99 in seven studies). There is a learning effect, with greater distance walked on the second test (pooled mean improvement of 26 m in 13 studies). Reliability was similar for ISWT and ESWT, with a learning effect also evident for ISWT (pooled mean improvement of 20 m in six studies). The 6MWD correlates more strongly with peak work capacity (r50.59-0.93) and physical activity (r50.40-0.85) than with respiratory function (r50.10-0.59). Methodological factors affecting 6MWD include track length, encouragement, supplemental oxygen and walking aids. Supplemental oxygen also affects ISWT and ESWT performance. Responsiveness was moderate to high for all tests, with greater responsiveness to interventions that included exercise training.The findings of this review demonstrate that the 6MWT, ISWT and ESWT are robust tests of functional exercise capacity in adults with chronic respiratory disease. OverviewThe aim of this systematic review was to examine the measurement properties for the 6-min walk test (6MWT), incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) and endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT) in adults with chronic respiratory disease. A companion paper describes the standard operating procedures for the tests [1]. The key findings of this systematic review are as follows.1) The 6-min walking distance (6MWD) is a valid and reliable measure of exercise capacity for people with chronic lung disease. The 6MWD correlates more strongly with measures of peak work capacity and physical activity than with respiratory function or quality of life, which supports its conceptualisation as a test of functional exercise performance.2) The ISWT offers a different protocol to the 6MWT as it is incremental and externally paced. The ISWT is a valid and reliable measure of cardiopulmonary exercise capacity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), where there is a strong relationship between ISWT distance and peak oxygen uptake (V9O 2 peak) or work rate on a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET).3) A learning effect is observed for the 6MWT and the ISWT. The second test usually is the better compared with the first, but this is inconsistent.4) The ESWT is a test of endurance capacity. It is externally paced and is performed along the same course as the ISWT. Two tests do not appear to be necessary if the second test is conducted on the same day.5) Reference equations have been proposed for the 6MWD and the ISWT. Age, height and weight are included in most equations. The influence of race and ethnicity is unclear.6) The safety profile of ...

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“…19 Modified incremental shuttle walk test distance was expressed as a percentage of the predicted values. 20 Heart rate was monitored with an FT1-100 monitor. The modified Borg dyspnea scale was used, and breathing frequency and S pO 2 were measured (pulse oximetry) during tests.…”

Section: Maximal Exercise Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training in Subjects With Sarcoidosis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Karadalli¹,

Boşnak-Güçlü²,

Camcıoğlu³

et al. 2015

Respir Care

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BACKGROUND: Respiratory muscle weakness occurs in sarcoidosis and is related to decreased exercise capacity, greater fatigue, dyspnea, and lower quality of life in sarcoidosis patients. The effects of inspiratory muscle training in this population have not been comprehensively investigated so far. This study was planned to investigate the effects of inspiratory muscle training on exercise capacity, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, pulmonary function and diffusing capacity, fatigue, dyspnea, depression, and quality of life in subjects with sarcoidosis. METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled, and double blind study. Fifteen sarcoidosis subjects (treatment group) received inspiratory muscle training at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure (P Imax ), and 15 subjects (control group) received sham therapy (5% of P Imax ) for 6 weeks. Functional and maximal exercise capacity, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, pulmonary function and diffusing capacity, fatigue, dyspnea, depression, and quality of life were evaluated. RESULTS: Functional (P < .001) and maximal exercise capacity (P ‫؍‬ .038), respiratory muscle strength (P Imax [P < .001] and P Emax [P ‫؍‬ .001]), severe fatigue (P ‫؍‬ .002), and dyspnea perception (P ‫؍‬ .02) were statistically significantly improved in the treatment group compared with controls; no significant improvements were observed in pulmonary function and diffusing capacity, peripheral muscle strength, fatigue, depression, and quality of life between groups after inspiratory muscle training. CONCLUSIONS: Inspiratory muscle training improves functional and maximal exercise capacity and respiratory muscle strength and decreases severe fatigue and dyspnea perception in subjects with early stages of sarcoidosis. Inspiratory muscle training can be safely and effectively included in rehabilitation programs. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT02270333.)

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Reference values for the incremental shuttle walking test

Abstract: In conclusion, the variability of the ISWT is explained largely by gender, age and BMI. The reference values for the ISWT can be adequately predicted using the equation proposed in this study.

Cited by 126 publications

References 22 publications

Reference Equation for the 2-Minute Walk Test in Adults and the Elderly

Reference Equation for the 2-Minute Walk Test in Adults and the Elderly

An official systematic review of the European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society: measurement properties of field walking tests in chronic respiratory disease

Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training in Subjects With Sarcoidosis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

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