Reexamining the Ethics of Nuclear Technology

Андрианов, А. А.; Kanke, Victor Andreevich; Murogov, V.M.

doi:10.1007/s11948-014-9578-0

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…These methods are based on different methodological foundations and implement different decision rules. An overview of an application of these methods to evaluation and aggregation judgment measures for performance comparison of nuclear energy systems can be found in [16]. Parameters for comparisons were selected in accordance with recommendations discussed in [12].…”

Section:  Preference Ranking Organization Methods For Enrichment Evalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, there is a lack of a common understanding and a consensus (among the experts, stakeholders and decision makers) on the impact of the results obtained from option screening studies on a final decision-making on R&D resource allocation necessary for the realization of a particular strategic choice [15][16][17]. Due to its intrinsic complexity, such a decision can be responsibly and consciously taken only after an application of a structured procedure.…”

Section: Application Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison and Screening of NFC Options in View of Sustainable Performance and Waste Management

Schwenk-Ferrero¹,

Андрианов²

2017

Preprint

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Is it true that the nuclear technology applied to electric energy generation offers a clean, safe, reliable and affordable i.e. sustainable alternative? Yes it is, but its impact on the environment strongly depends on the implementation bearing residual risks due to a human factor, technical failures or natural catastrophes. A full response is therefore difficult and can first be given when the wicked multi-disciplinary problems get well formulated and "solved". These problems have multidimensional nature lying at the interface between: necessary R&D effort, the industrial deployment and the technology impact in view of the environmental sustainability including the management of produced hazardous waste. This enormous complexity indicates that just a description of the problem might represent a problem. The paper proposes a holistic approach to assess the nuclear energy systems potential with respect to sustainable performance applying Multi-criteria decision analysis with a suitable objective tree and a multi-level criteria structure and examines the trading-off techniques for ranking of the alternatives. The framework proposes a multi-criteria and multistakeholders treatment which can be used as a pre-decisional support towards an implementation of nuclear fuel cycles adapted to national preferences and priorities. Proposed approach addresses some aspects of the environmental footprint of nuclear energy systems. Advanced nuclear fuel cycles, previously investigated by the NEA/OECD expert group WASTEMAN, are analyzed as a case study. Sustainability facets of waste management, resource utilization and economics are in focus.Keywords: advanced nuclear fuel cycles; waste management; resource utilization; economics; performance comparison; multi-criteria decision analysis; sensitivity/uncertainty analysis; environmental footprint BackgroundInnovative electrical energy generating technologies should be sustainable that means clean, safe, reliable and affordable and moreover able to preserve resources and minimize liabilities [1]. The nuclear technology option might compete in this sense with other large-scale energy producing technologies as, for instance, those consuming the coal or oil resources [2]. However, similar to the other non-nuclear energy generation options, each nuclear option produces hazardous radioactive waste -called high-level waste (HLW) due to the contained long-living radionuclides. For this reason, HLW should be isolated from the biosphere by a disposal and an enclosure in special facilities, called HLW repositories [3]. Mainly for this reason, nuclear waste management causes in some countries a public concern due to a residual risk of radiotoxic fission products' or minor actinides' migration from casks containing HLW into the environment. This risk which is higher for waste radiotoxic components soluble in water is assessed in the R&D studies on repository safety cases. Another type of threads were: A severe accident of boiling water reactors after an earthquake and a tsunami, which ...

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Section:  Preference Ranking Organization Methods For Enrichment Evalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Application Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison and Screening of NFC Options in View of Sustainable Performance and Waste Management

Schwenk-Ferrero¹,

Андрианов²

2017

Preprint

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“…On the other hand, there is a lack of a common understanding and a consensus among the experts, public stakeholder groups and policy makers on the impact of option screening studies on a policy-making process and on the decision about financial R&D resource allocation which is indispensable for the realisation of a particular strategic choice [15][16][17]. Such an intrinsically complex decision can be responsibly and consciously taken only when a structured preparatory procedure is applied.…”

Section: Application Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods are based on different methodological foundations and implement different decision rules. An overview of an application of these methods to evaluation and aggregation judgment measures for performance comparison of nuclear energy systems can be found in [16]. The parameters for comparisons were selected in accordance with recommendations discussed in [12].…”

Section: Robustness Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison and Screening of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Options in View of Sustainable Performance and Waste Management

Schwenk-Ferrero

Андрианов

2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:Is it true that a nuclear technology approach to generate electric energy offers a clean, safe, reliable and affordable, i.e., sustainable option? In principle yes, however a technology impact on the environment strongly depends on the actual implementation bearing residual risks due to technical failures, human factors, or natural catastrophes. A full response is thus difficult and can be given first when the wicked multi-disciplinary issues get well formulated and "resolved". These problems are lying at the interface between: the necessary R&D effort, the industrial deployment and the technology impact in view of the environmental sustainability including the management of produced hazardous waste. As such, this problem is clearly of multi-dimensional nature. This enormous complexity indicates that just a description of the problem might cause a dilemma. The paper proposes a novel holistic approach applying Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis to assess the potential of nuclear energy systems with respect to a sustainable performance. It shows how to establish a multi-level criteria structure tree and examines the trading-off techniques for scoring and ranking of options. The presented framework allows multi-criteria and multi-group treatment. The methodology can be applied to support any pre-decisional process launched in a country to find the best nuclear and/or non-nuclear option according to national preferences and priorities. The approach addresses major aspects of the environmental footprint of nuclear energy systems. As a case study, advanced nuclear fuel cycles are analyzed, which were previously investigated by the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA/OECD) expert group WASTEMAN. Sustainability facets of waste management, resource utilization and economics are in focus.Keywords: advanced nuclear fuel cycles; waste management; resource utilisation; economics; performance comparison, multi-criteria decision analysis; sensitivity/uncertainty analysis, environmental footprint BackgroundInnovative electrical energy generating technologies should be sustainable, i.e., clean, safe, reliable and affordable and moreover able to preserve resources and minimise liabilities [1]. The nuclear technology option might compete in this sense with other large-scale energy producing technologies as, for instance those consuming coal or oil resources [2]. However, very much like other non-nuclear energy generation options, a nuclear option produces hazardous radioactive waste (radwaste)-called high-level waste (HLW) that contains long-living radionuclides. Therefore HLW should be isolated from the biosphere by a disposal site/system and an enclosure in special facilities, called HLW repositories [3]. This is the reason why nuclear waste management is of public concern in some

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“…The ethics of nuclear technology is a multidisciplinary endeavor to examine the problems associated with nuclear technology through ethical frameworks and paradigms [38]. The ethics of nuclear technology provides the analysis of ethical issues related to nuclear technology, so as to overcome nuclear dilemmas and structure nuclear debate.…”

Section: Supporting Studies On the Ethics Of Nuclear Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Nuclear Energy Systems: State-of-the Art Survey on Evaluation and Aggregation Judgment Measures Applied to Performance Comparison

et al. 2015

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This paper summarizes the experience gained in the application of multi-criteria decision making and uncertainty treatment methods to a comparative assessment of nuclear energy systems and related nuclear fuel cycles. These judgment measures provide a means for comprehensive evaluation according to different conflicting criteria, such as costs, benefits and risks, which are inevitably associated with the deployment of advanced technologies. Major findings and recommendations elaborated in international and national projects and studies are reviewed and discussed. A careful analysis is performed for multi-criteria comparative assessment of nuclear energy systems and nuclear fuel cycles on the basis of various evaluation and screening results. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the lessons learned, to share the identified solutions, and indicate promising future directions.

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Reexamining the Ethics of Nuclear Technology

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Comparison and Screening of NFC Options in View of Sustainable Performance and Waste Management

Comparison and Screening of NFC Options in View of Sustainable Performance and Waste Management

Comparison and Screening of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Options in View of Sustainable Performance and Waste Management

Innovative Nuclear Energy Systems: State-of-the Art Survey on Evaluation and Aggregation Judgment Measures Applied to Performance Comparison

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