Reduction of Ocular Torque by Medial Rectus Recession

Re-recession of the Lateral Rectus Muscles In Patients With Recurrent Exotropia

“…However, Beisner believed that recession of LR muscle of this magnitude may produce postoperative underaction by creating a large amount of slackening and substantially decreasing its contractile force. 5 Berland and coworkers 6 showed in their study that 8-to 9-mm LR recessions are not associated with a poor outcome. However, a persistent abduction deficit scaled as either Ϫ1 or less was observed in 30% of the patients, which was not statistically significant (P ϭ 0.96).…”

Re-recession of the Lateral Rectus Muscles In Patients With Recurrent Exotropia

“…However, Beisner believed that recession of LR muscle of this magnitude may produce postoperative underaction by creating a large amount of slackening and substantially decreasing its contractile force. 5 Berland and coworkers 6 showed in their study that 8-to 9-mm LR recessions are not associated with a poor outcome. However, a persistent abduction deficit scaled as either Ϫ1 or less was observed in 30% of the patients, which was not statistically significant (P ϭ 0.96).…”

The Influence of Pulleys on the Quantitative Characteristics of Medial Rectus Muscle Recessions: The Torque Vector Model

“…In 1971 Beisner provided one of the first biomechanical EOM models which analyzed the torque acting on the globe. 1 However, this analysis did not factor in the fibromuscular pulley forces. Under his model, the force on the globe should equal the rotational torque vector and is "weakened" by recession according to the classic length-tension model.…”

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Globe-Tendon Interface for Extraocular Muscles: Is There an “Arc of Contact”?

“…2, 3 Given the current practicality and widespread availability of noninvasive high-resolution orbital imaging, this data strongly suggests that the “arc of contact” be abandoned and replaced in biomechanical modeling by the experimentally measured angles at tendon insertion. Conclusions that rely exclusively on line-drawn biomechanics 1–4, 8 should require in vivo confirmation prior to widespread acceptance to ensure that the actual EOM tendon anatomy matches the schematic anatomy.…”

Re-recession of the Lateral Rectus Muscles In Patients With Recurrent Exotropia

“…However, Beisner believed that recession of LR muscle of this magnitude may produce postoperative underaction by creating a large amount of slackening and substantially decreasing its contractile force. 5 Berland and coworkers 6 showed in their study that 8-to 9-mm LR recessions are not associated with a poor outcome. However, a persistent abduction deficit scaled as either Ϫ1 or less was observed in 30% of the patients, which was not statistically significant (P ϭ 0.96).…”

The Influence of Pulleys on the Quantitative Characteristics of Medial Rectus Muscle Recessions: The Torque Vector Model

“…In 1971 Beisner provided one of the first biomechanical EOM models which analyzed the torque acting on the globe. 1 However, this analysis did not factor in the fibromuscular pulley forces. Under his model, the force on the globe should equal the rotational torque vector and is "weakened" by recession according to the classic length-tension model.…”

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Globe-Tendon Interface for Extraocular Muscles: Is There an “Arc of Contact”?

“…2, 3 Given the current practicality and widespread availability of noninvasive high-resolution orbital imaging, this data strongly suggests that the “arc of contact” be abandoned and replaced in biomechanical modeling by the experimentally measured angles at tendon insertion. Conclusions that rely exclusively on line-drawn biomechanics 1–4, 8 should require in vivo confirmation prior to widespread acceptance to ensure that the actual EOM tendon anatomy matches the schematic anatomy.…”

Re-recession of the Lateral Rectus Muscles In Patients With Recurrent Exotropia

“…However, Beisner believed that recession of LR muscle of this magnitude may produce postoperative underaction by creating a large amount of slackening and substantially decreasing its contractile force. 5 Berland and coworkers 6 showed in their study that 8-to 9-mm LR recessions are not associated with a poor outcome. However, a persistent abduction deficit scaled as either Ϫ1 or less was observed in 30% of the patients, which was not statistically significant (P ϭ 0.96).…”

The Influence of Pulleys on the Quantitative Characteristics of Medial Rectus Muscle Recessions: The Torque Vector Model

“…In 1971 Beisner provided one of the first biomechanical EOM models which analyzed the torque acting on the globe. 1 However, this analysis did not factor in the fibromuscular pulley forces. Under his model, the force on the globe should equal the rotational torque vector and is "weakened" by recession according to the classic length-tension model.…”

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Globe-Tendon Interface for Extraocular Muscles: Is There an “Arc of Contact”?

“…2, 3 Given the current practicality and widespread availability of noninvasive high-resolution orbital imaging, this data strongly suggests that the “arc of contact” be abandoned and replaced in biomechanical modeling by the experimentally measured angles at tendon insertion. Conclusions that rely exclusively on line-drawn biomechanics 1–4, 8 should require in vivo confirmation prior to widespread acceptance to ensure that the actual EOM tendon anatomy matches the schematic anatomy.…”