Reduction in Hookworm Infection after Praziquantel Treatment among Children and Young Adults in Leyte, the Philippines

Shaw, Julia G.; Aggarwal, Nitin; Acosta, Luz P.; Jiz, Mario; Wu, Haiwei; Leenstra, Tjalling; Coutinho, Hannah M.; Olveda, Remigio M.; Kurtis, Jonathan D.; McGarvey, Stephen T.; Friedman, Jennifer F.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0700

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…lumbricoides are located in Luzon, areas with the highest predicted prevalence of T . trichiura are located in the Visayas, in line with previous smaller scale studies [ 26 – 28 ]. Our results also show extensive areas of high endemicity in the Philippines where A .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Mapping the Risk of Soil-Transmitted Helminthic Infections in the Philippines

et al. 2015

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BackgroundIn order to increase the efficient allocation of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) disease control resources in the Philippines, we aimed to describe for the first time the spatial variation in the prevalence of A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura and hookworm across the country, quantify the association between the physical environment and spatial variation of STH infection and develop predictive risk maps for each infection.Methodology/Principal FindingsData on STH infection from 35,573 individuals across the country were geolocated at the barangay level and included in the analysis. The analysis was stratified geographically in two major regions: 1) Luzon and the Visayas and 2) Mindanao. Bayesian geostatistical models of STH prevalence were developed, including age and sex of individuals and environmental variables (rainfall, land surface temperature and distance to inland water bodies) as predictors, and diagnostic uncertainty was incorporated. The role of environmental variables was different between regions of the Philippines. This analysis revealed that while A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura infections were widespread and highly endemic, hookworm infections were more circumscribed to smaller foci in the Visayas and Mindanao.Conclusions/SignificanceThis analysis revealed significant spatial variation in STH infection prevalence within provinces of the Philippines. This suggests that a spatially targeted approach to STH interventions, including mass drug administration, is warranted. When financially possible, additional STH surveys should be prioritized to high-risk areas identified by our study in Luzon.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Mapping the Risk of Soil-Transmitted Helminthic Infections in the Philippines

et al. 2015

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“…It is interesting to note that with the use of 60 mg/kg praziquantel (in divided doses) in a community where schistosomiasis ( S. japonicum ) and soil-transmitted helminthiases (hookworms, Ascaris lumbricoides , and Trichuris trichiura ) were co-prevalent, the prevalence of not only schistosomiasis but also hookworm infections (not A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura infections ) was decreased from 61.0% to 46.5% at 3 months after treatment [66]. Some activity of praziquantel against muscle proteins of hookworms but not of A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura was suggested [66]; however, this should be elucidated through further studies.…”

Section: Recommended Dose and Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some activity of praziquantel against muscle proteins of hookworms but not of A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura was suggested [66]; however, this should be elucidated through further studies.…”

Section: Recommended Dose and Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Praziquantel Treatment in Trematode and Cestode Infections: An Update

2013

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Status and emerging issues in the use of praziquantel for treatment of human trematode and cestode infections are briefly reviewed. Since praziquantel was first introduced as a broadspectrum anthelmintic in 1975, innumerable articles describing its successful use in the treatment of the majority of human-infecting trematodes and cestodes have been published. The target trematode and cestode diseases include schistosomiasis, clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis, paragonimiasis, heterophyidiasis, echinostomiasis, fasciolopsiasis, neodiplostomiasis, gymnophalloidiasis, taeniases, diphyllobothriasis, hymenolepiasis, and cysticercosis. However, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica infections are refractory to praziquantel, for which triclabendazole, an alternative drug, is necessary. In addition, larval cestode infections, particularly hydatid disease and sparganosis, are not successfully treated by praziquantel. The precise mechanism of action of praziquantel is still poorly understood. There are also emerging problems with praziquantel treatment, which include the appearance of drug resistance in the treatment of Schistosoma mansoni and possibly Schistosoma japonicum, along with allergic or hypersensitivity reactions against praziquantel treatment. To cope with and overcome these problems, combined use of drugs, i.e., praziquantel and other newly introduced compounds such as triclabendazole, artemisinins, and tribendimidine, is being tried.

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“…As part of the long-term strategy, the IHCP also incorporates health education/promotion and WASH interventions through the DepEd [ 37 , 38 ]. However, the persistently high prevalence of STH reported across the country suggests that the impact was lower than expected [ 39 , 40 ]. In 2014, we conducted a cross-sectional pilot survey in the province of Laguna (located on the Island of Luzon, in the Calabarzon Region of the Philippines).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Impact of a School-Based Health Education Package for Prevention of Intestinal Worm Infections in the Philippines: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Intervention Trial

Mationg¹,

Williams²,

Tallo³

et al. 2020

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background Repeated mass drug administration (MDA) of antihelminthics to at-risk populations is still the main strategy for the control of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections. However, MDA, as a stand-alone intervention, does not prevent reinfection. Accordingly, complementary measures to prevent STH reinfection, such as health education and improved sanitation, as part of an integrated control approach, are required to augment the effectiveness of MDA for optimal efficiency and sustainability. Objective The aim of this study is to determine the impact and generalizability of a school-based health education package entitled The Magic Glasses for STH prevention in the Philippines. Methods We conducted a cluster randomized controlled intervention trial, involving 2020 schoolchildren aged 9-10 years, in 40 schools in Laguna Province, Philippines, to evaluate the impact of the school-based health education package for the prevention of STHs. The trial was conducted over the course of 1 year (June 2016 to July 2017). A total of 20 schools were randomly assigned to the intervention arm, in which The Magic Glasses Philippines health education package was delivered with the standard health education activities endorsed by the Philippines Department of Health (DOH) and the Department of Education (DepEd). The other 20 schools comprised the control arm of the study, where the DOH/DepEd’s standard health education activities were done. At baseline, parasitological assessments and a knowledge, attitude, and practice survey were carried out in all schools. In addition, height, weight, and hemoglobin levels were obtained from each child (after parental consent), and their school attendance and academic performance in English and mathematics were accessed from the school records. The baseline and 2 follow-up surveys were completed using the same study measurements and quality-control assessments. Results Key results from this cluster randomized intervention trial will shed light on the impact that The Magic Glasses health education package will have against STH infections in schoolchildren in the province of Laguna, located on the Island of Luzon, in the Calabarzon Region of the Philippines. Conclusions The results of the trial will be used to assess the generalizability of the impact of The Magic Glasses health education package in different epidemiological and cultural settings, providing evidence for translation of this health education package into public health policy and practice in the Asian region and beyond. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number ACTRN12616000508471; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=368849 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/18419

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Reduction in Hookworm Infection after Praziquantel Treatment among Children and Young Adults in Leyte, the Philippines

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Mapping the Risk of Soil-Transmitted Helminthic Infections in the Philippines

Mapping the Risk of Soil-Transmitted Helminthic Infections in the Philippines

Praziquantel Treatment in Trematode and Cestode Infections: An Update

Determining the Impact of a School-Based Health Education Package for Prevention of Intestinal Worm Infections in the Philippines: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Intervention Trial

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