Reducing the Hardness of Mine Water Using Transformed Fly Ash

Prasad, B. Durga; Sangita, Kumari; Tewary, B. K.

doi:10.1007/s10230-010-0130-4

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The results clearly indicate that both ash types have potentials to use as water softening materials. However, the results contradicted with the findings from Prasad et al (2011) who reported that fly ash obtained from burning of coal increased total hardness of the mine water. The contrasting results might be related to different sources of ash, as the fly ash used in Prasad et al (2011) study contained much lesser concentration of K (1.0%) compared to the concentrations K in RHA (9.3%) and WSA (32.2%) used this study (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…The contrasting results might be related to different sources of ash, as the fly ash used in Prasad et al (2011) study contained much lesser concentration of K (1.0%) compared to the concentrations K in RHA (9.3%) and WSA (32.2%) used this study (Table 1). Prasad et al (2011), however, found that zeolite prepared from fly ash decreased hardness with increasing concentrations from 5 to 40 g/l. Prasad et al (2011) also reported that zeolite rapidly removed hardness for the first but slowed down after 30 min and reached to steady state within 4 hrs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…People in Nepal have been traditionally using ash for washing clothes and cleaning utensils. Previous studies have shown that ash from various sources can be used for removal of heavy metals from wastewaters (Bhatnagar and Sillanpää 2010;Prasad et al 2011). This study was designed to further understand efficacy and usefulness of ash derived from rice husk and wheat straw to remove Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ions in water solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Hardness Removal Using Wheat Straw and Rice Husk Ash Properties

Kharel

Sharma

Kandel

2016

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology

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This study examined potential of using wheat straw ash (WSA) and rice husk ash (RHA) to remove hardness of natural and hardness enriched synthetic water samples. Eight water samples (both natural and synthetic) with hardness ranging from 236 to 580 mg/l were treated with 10 different doses of WSA and RHA ranging from 2.5 to 25 g ash l–1 at regular increment of 2.5 g and one sample was included as control (no ash addition). Water hardness, hardness removal efficiency and pH changes of the treated water samples were measured. Hardness removal efficiency and pH of water increased with increasing doses of ash. Maximum removal was achieved at 17.5 g/l and 22.5 g/l for WSA and RHA, respectively, and further ash addition did not change the hardness. Maximum removal efficiency of WSA was 81% (i.e. 67 mg/g) and RHA was 58% (i.e. 44 mg/g). Higher hardness removal efficiency of WSA was due to presence of higher concentrations of alkali metal oxides. As similar to removal efficiency, WSA also increased pH of water samples relative to RHA. Maximum pH of 11.2 and 10.2 was respectively for WHA and RSA at the highest dose of ash (25 g/l). The results thus indicate that locally available ashes from agricultural sources may be useful in hardness removal process, however, softened cannot be used as drinking water due to the high level of alkalinity.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Hardness Removal Using Wheat Straw and Rice Husk Ash Properties

Kharel

Sharma

Kandel

2016

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology

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“…Several synthetic zeolites have been used for cation adsorption. For example, Prasad et al (2011) found that fly ash zeolite was able to remove 100 % Pb 2? , 99 % Cd 2?…”

Section: Zeolite-based Adsorbentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Bench-Scale and Pilot-Scale Treatment Technologies for the Removal of Total Dissolved Solids from Coal Mine Water: A Review

Pinto¹,

Al-Abed

Balz³

et al. 2015

Mine Water Environ

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Coal mine water (CMW) is typically treated to remove suspended solids, acidity, and soluble metals, but high concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) have been reported to impact the environment at several CMW discharge points. Consequently, various states have established TDS wastewater regulations and the US EPA has proposed a benchmark conductivity limit to reduce TDS impacts in streams near mining sites. Traditional CMW treatment effectively removes some TDS components, but is not effective in removing major salt ions due to their higher solubility. This paper describes the basic principles, effectiveness, advantages, and disadvantages of various TDS removal technologies (adsorption, bioremediation, capacitive deionization, desalination, distillation, electrochemical ion exchange, electrocoagulation, electrodialysis, ion exchange, membrane filtration, precipitation, and reverse osmosis) that have at least been tested in benchand pilot-scale experiments.

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“…Seeing the importance of groundwater quality in mining area, the investigation has been carried out to understand the changes in groundwater quality of Dhanbad township within 3 years of time duration (May 2011-May 2014. Heavy metal pollution index (HPI) of the groundwater has also been evaluated according to described methodology (Prasad and Jaiprakas 1999;Prasad and Bose 2001;Prasad and Kumari 2008;Prasad and Mandal 2008;Prasad et al 2011;Chabukdhara et al 2017). On the basis of this, groundwater quality of Dhanbad township has been predicted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%