Reducing MRSA Infections in College Student Athletes: Implementation of a Prevention Program

Sanders, J Chad

doi:10.1080/07370010903259162

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…In a 2009 study of such measures as providing education booklets, posters and videos to college athletes, results showed a 75% reduction in infections. (172) This study was not a randomized controlled trial; it was based more on a theoretical framework and only evaluated absolute number of cases.…”

Section: Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The program consisted of three components (a) an educational session for players and coaches/trainers (b) educational booklets and posters, and (c) strategically placed MRSA deterring hand-sanitizing wipes. Over the course of the study it was shown that this program had reduced the number of CA-MRSA or SSTI by 9.6 cases (>75%) (172). Authors of the same study also tried to assess costeffectiveness of the program.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The program had a return of $4.51 to $11.29 in health care savings. (172) Most of the studies described above used decision analytic models but did not use individual level data; instead, authors retrieved data points from the literature. Of the cost-effectiveness studies described above, only one used prospective cohort data, the other two studies simulated the cost-effectiveness models using estimates from the literature.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cost Effectiveness Analysis of Hygiene-Based Strategies Aimed Toward Prevention of SSTI and MRSA-Associated SSTI Among U.S. Active Duty Army Trainees

Morrison¹

2015

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iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThere are many individuals and organizations that I would like to thank. Without your support this research would never have come to fruition. To the many family and friends that have supported me through the course of this multi-year process, I thank you. To my late father, thanks for believing in me and pushing me to be the very best of myself. The many early struggles were worth it. COPYRIGHT STATEMENTThe author hereby certifies that the use of any copyrighted material in the dissertation manuscript entitled: Cost effectiveness of hygiene strategies aimed toward prevention of SSTI and MRSA-associated SSTI aniong U.S. active duty Army trainees is appropriately acknowledged and, beyond brief excerpts, is with the permission of the copyright owner.[Signature]Stephanie M. Morrison Military health systems datasets were used to retrospectively evaluate lost-time in training and cost burden of overall, S.aureus and MRSA SSTI. ICD-9-CM codes were used to identify skin and soft tissue infections, these codes were then linked with clinical microbiology information to identify S.aureus and MRSA SSTI. Lost time in training was calculated as the sum of time spent away from training due to clinic or hospital visits as well as convalescence and training remediation. Cost of illness was equivalent to the sum of direct medical costs (costs associated with medical care such as office visits, laboratory procedures, and prescriptions) and indirect costs (costs associated with lost work productivity because of illness). A systematic review of the literature was performed to determine the effects of hand and personal hygiene programs aimed toward acute infections like SSTI in terms of risk reduction. Additionally, the cost effectiveness of hygiene strategies aimed toward overall and MRSA SSTI among recruit trainees was evaluated using information obtained from a prospective trial implemented at Fort Benning, Georgia. A decision analysis framework was constructed and cost effectiveness was computed using the costs averted and time averted when using a certain strategy compared to standard practice along the infection pathway. Complicated infections contributed to increased rates, lost time in training, and costs.Increased lost time and costs was observed among those trainees with an overall SSTI who were cultured positive for MRSA, received an I&D procedure and prescribed an antibiotic regimen that covered for MRSA.A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature revealed that hand and personal hygiene promotions programs had a beneficial effect toward acute communicable infections like gastrointestinal, respiratory, and skin infections. Further analysis revealed that significant heterogeneity existed around the pooled risk ratios, the source of which was not identified. Although a chlorhexidine strategy with a hygiene component was shown to be protective against SSTI within the community, results should be viewed with caution. The studies used to generate this pooled estimate were observational-analytic b...

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Section: Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Cost Effectiveness Analysis of Hygiene-Based Strategies Aimed Toward Prevention of SSTI and MRSA-Associated SSTI Among U.S. Active Duty Army Trainees

Morrison¹

2015

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“…6 Thus, athletes may have more opportunity to contact CA-MRSA due to increased skin-to-skin contact and shared athletic equipment. 3,4,6,[8][9][10][11] Health care providers promote efforts to prevent CA-MRSA infection by improving hygiene and education in both the hospital and community environments. 11 In the athletic environment, athletic trainers (ATs) provide health care to athletes, including attempts to reduce potential infections such as CA-MRSA, yet recent studies indicate that CA-MRSA is still prevalent in athletic facilities 12,13 and that cleaning methods may not be optimal.…”

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confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus and Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in and Around Therapeutic Whirlpools in College Athletic Training Rooms

Kahanov

Kim

Eberman

et al. 2015

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has become a leading cause of skin and soft tissue infection in the nonhospitalized community. Care of the athletes in athletic training rooms is specifically designed with equipment tailored to the health care needs of the athletes, yet recent studies indicate that CA-MRSA is still prevalent in athletic facilities and that cleaning methods may not be optimal. Objective To investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and CA-MRSA in and around whirlpools in the athletic training room. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I university. Patients or Other Participants Student-athletes (n = 109) consisting of 46 men (42%) and 63 women (58%) representing 6 sports. Main Outcome Measure(s) Presence of MRSA and Staphylococcus aureus in and around the whirlpool structures relative to sport and number of athletes using the whirlpools. Results We identified Staphylococcus aureus in 22% (n = 52/240) of the samples and MRSA in 0.8% (n = 2/240). A statistically significant difference existed between the number of athletes using the whirlpool and the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in and around the whirlpools (F2,238 = 2.445, P = .007). However, Staphylococcus aureus was identified regardless of whether multiple athletes used a whirlpool or no athletes used a whirlpool. We did not identify a relationship between the number of athletes who used a whirlpool and Staphylococcus aureus or MRSA density (P = .134). Conclusions Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA were identified in and around the whirlpools. Transmission of the bacteria can be reduced by following the cleaning and disinfecting protocols recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Athletic trainers should use disinfectants registered by the Environmental Protection Agency to sanitize all whirlpools between uses.

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“…Accordingly, much of the research found contact to be a component (Beiger et aI., 2004;9 Lindenmayer et aI, 1998;Sanders, 2009;Stacey et aI., 1998). The NCAA reported that from 2011 to 2012 most female student athletes participate in outdoor field and track, a non-contact sport, while most males participated in football (NCAA, 2013).…”

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The impact of skin and soft tissue infections on college athletic programs and prevention policies.

Kimble¹

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Reducing MRSA Infections in College Student Athletes: Implementation of a Prevention Program

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Cost Effectiveness Analysis of Hygiene-Based Strategies Aimed Toward Prevention of SSTI and MRSA-Associated SSTI Among U.S. Active Duty Army Trainees

Cost Effectiveness Analysis of Hygiene-Based Strategies Aimed Toward Prevention of SSTI and MRSA-Associated SSTI Among U.S. Active Duty Army Trainees

Staphylococcus aureus and Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in and Around Therapeutic Whirlpools in College Athletic Training Rooms

The impact of skin and soft tissue infections on college athletic programs and prevention policies.

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