Reducing Latin America's violent hot spots

Muggah, Robert; Tobón, Katherine Aguirre

doi:10.1016/j.avb.2018.09.003

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Though, overall these studies have generally found decreases in crime associated with the pandemic, it is unclear if these patterns have also been seen in regions with vastly different criminogenic conditions. For example, the incidence and prevalence of crime in Latin America and the Caribbean is much higher than in the rest of the world (Muggah & Tobón, 2019 ), and crime phenomena occur in a context where governance is contested between non-state violent actors and the state (Müller, 2018 ). Furthermore, it is expected that the pandemic will wreak havoc in the economy and stability of countries in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crime and COVID-19: effect of changes in routine activities in Mexico City

Estévez-Soto¹

2021

Crime Sci

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Background This study aimed to determine whether crime patterns in Mexico City changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and to test whether any changes observed were associated with the disruption of routine activities, as measured by changes in public transport passenger numbers. Method The first objective was assessed by comparing the observed incidence of crime after the COVID-19 pandemic was detected in the country with that expected based on ARIMA forecasts based on the pre-pandemic trends. The second objective was assessed by examining the association between crime incidence and the number of passengers on public transport using regressions with ARIMA errors. Results Results indicated that most crime categories decreased significantly after the pandemic was detected in the country or after a national lockdown was instituted. Furthermore, the study found that some of the declines observed were associated with the reductions seen in public transport passenger numbers. However, the findings suggested that the changes in mobility explain part of the declines observed, with important variations per crime type. Conclusion The findings contribute to the global evaluation of the effects of COVID-19 on crime and propose a robust method to explicitly test whether the changes observed are associated with changes in routine activities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crime and COVID-19: effect of changes in routine activities in Mexico City

Estévez-Soto¹

2021

Crime Sci

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“…More recently, a growing number of scholars have begun to focus their attention on crime concentration and crime forecasting patterns in Latin American cities Chainey & Muggah, 2020;de Melo et al, 2018;Escudero & Ramírez, 2018;Giménez-Santana et al, 2018;Muggah & Tobón, 2019). affirmed that the study of crime concentration at micro-places has hitherto had a very western-industrialized focus, despite the fact that crime appears to be concentrated at higher levels in Latin American cities compared to Western-industrialized cities.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to prior studies and a recent systematic review, both an evidence-based approach to crime prevention and targeted strategies of predictive policing at micro-places can help to reduce crime as well as allocate resources more effectively and efficiently (Braga et al, 2019;Braga et al, 1999;Meijer & Wessels, 2019;Ratcliffe et al, 2011). Research has also demonstrated how this approach could also be expedient for tackling violent crimes in Latin America (de Oliveira et al, 2019;Muggah & Tobón, 2019). Nevertheless, despite the widespread violence in Latin America's urban contexts, there is a scarcity of studies that have analyzed spatial patterns of violent crime in this region and/or delineated potentially effective and efficient crime prevention strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration of Urban Violence in Fortaleza and Strategies for Crime Prevention

Dantas

Favarin

2021

Criminal Justice Review

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Despite the continued prevalence of violence in Latin America, there is a relative dearth of research investigating both spatial patterns of violent crimes and the effectiveness of evidence-based crime prevention policies in Brazil. This study aims to address this gap in extant knowledge by creating a Spatial Violence Index and a Restrictive Ambient Index to investigate the spatial dynamics of violent crimes and urban vulnerabilities in Fortaleza. Both exploratory spatial data analysis and spatial regression models were employed to visualize the associative patterns and measure the correlation between the two indexes. The results demonstrate how locations characterized by high levels of violence are spatially correlated with more vulnerable locations in terms of both socio-economic-demographics and urban disorder. Overall, the study identified 124 vulnerable micro-territories that would benefit from the allocation of resources in an effort to reduce violence in the city by enhancing the efficiency of policing and prevention strategies.

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“…In a region that holds 14% of the world's population but has 42% of interpersonal violence mortality [6], Colombia is a hot spot for violence. Cali is one of the three most important cities in the country and has been one of the most violent cities in the world for the last two decades [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%