Reduced contact resistance between an individual single-walled carbon nanotube and a metal electrode by a local point annealing

Woo, Yun Sung; Duesberg, Georg S.; Roth, S.

doi:10.1088/0957-4484/18/9/095203

Cited by 79 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The open tip remains the highest temperature zone of the channel until the I guest is reached (2nd). Then, the temperature at the outer layers of the turbostratic carbon shell is sufficiently high to thermally weld it to the Au surface 14 at the contact point (re-deposition of the sublimed chalcogenide may aid in this process and contribute to minimize the electrical contact resistance). Immediately after this contact optimization, the end is cooled down due to the heat-sinking action of the metallic electrode.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct imaging of Joule heating dynamics and temperature profiling inside a carbon nanotube interconnect

et al. 2011

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understanding resistive (or Joule) heating in fundamental nanoelectronic blocks, such as carbon nanotubes, remains a major challenge, particularly in regard to their structural and thermal variations during prolonged periods of electrical stress. Here we show real-time imaging of the associated effects of Joule heating in the channel of carbon nanotube interconnects. First, electrical contacts to nanotubes entirely filled with a sublimable material are made inside a transmission electron microscope. on exposure to a high current density, resistive hotspots are identified on (or near) the contact points. These later migrate and expand along the carbon nanotube, as indicated by the localized sublimation of the encapsulated material. using the hotspot edges as markers, it is possible to estimate the internal temperature profiles of the nanotube. simple and direct, our method provides remarkable spatial and temporal insights into the dynamics of resistive hotspots and millisecond-paced thermal variations occurring inside nanoscaled tubular interconnects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct imaging of Joule heating dynamics and temperature profiling inside a carbon nanotube interconnect

et al. 2011

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“…Contact resistance has been shown to be important in these applications as well, 11 and reducing the tunneling barrier at van der Waals-dominated nanotube contacts has been attempted with pulsed annealing 12 and electroless metal deposition. 13 In the present study, we seek to increase the area of contact as well as the quality of contact between carbon nanotubes and the contacting surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrothermal Bonding of Carbon Nanotubes to Glass

Aradhya

Garimella

Fisher

2008

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Abstract:Applications that exploit the exceptional properties of carbon nanotubes at practical length scales almost invariably involve the fundamental issues of nanotube-to-surface contacts; indeed, interface properties often dominate mechanical, electrical and thermal performance in devices and materials based on CNTs. In this paper we present a method to attach carbon nanotubes to glass surfaces and investigate the mechanism of bonding at the interface. An electric field which induces migration of alkali ions from glass into carbon nanotubes, with a reversed polarity as compared to an analogous anodic bonding configuration, is employed to form a chemical bond between nanotubes and glass. We report a pull-off force of 4.35 N/cm 2 averaged over the bonded area, with the possibility of localized areas of higher bonding strength.

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“…Origin of the conductivity peaks in SWNT paper A possible cause of this removal of defect barriers, impurities, adsorbed molecules, or residues in irradiated SWNT paper is thermal annealing by the heat released by the collisions of the irradiating ions and target atoms knocked out by the incoming ions (our group recently investigated [27] the annealing of tunnelling barriers between a SWNT and a metal electrode by Joule heating due to a current pulse). As mentioned in the Introduction, significant healing of irradiation-induced defects by annealing at 450 • C was observed in multi-wall carbon nanotubes [13], and lesser temperatures are likely to affect the resistance due to desorption of impurities from intertube contacts or improved alignment of nanotubes within a bundle.…”

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Ion irradiation effects on conduction in single-wall carbon nanotube networks

et al. 2008

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We have measured how irradiation by Ar + and N + ions modifies electronic conduction in single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) networks, finding dramatically different effects for different thicknesses. For very thin transparent networks, ion irradiation increases localization of charge carriers and reduces the variable-range hopping conductivity, especially at low temperatures. However, for thick networks (SWNT paper) showing metallic conductivity, we find a relatively sharp peak in conductivity as a function of irradiation dose. Our investigation of this peak reveals the important role of thermal annealing extending beyond the range of the irradiating ions, and shows the dependence on the morphology of the samples. We propose a simple model that accounts for the temperature-dependent conductivity. Recently, the effect of defects on the conducting properties of individual metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) was shown [1,2] by the controlled reduction of the electronic localization length by irradiation with Ar + ions. For these SWNTs in the strong Anderson localization regime, the exponential increase of resistance with length of SWNTs between electrodes was greatly enhanced by di-vacancies created by the Ar + ions. In this paper, we report the first measurements (to our knowledge) of the effect of irradiation by ions on conduction in thin transparent SWNT networks, finding that resistance always increases on ion irradiation. In contrast to these results, however, we show that ion irradiation initially decreases the resistance of our thick SWNT networks.Many applications proposed for carbon nanotubes [3][4][5][6] are likely to be sensitive to irradiation effects, which u Fax: +49-711-689-1010, E-mail: v.skakalova@fkf.mpg.de would be particularly significant, for example, for devices used in space or other high-radiation environments. Controlled irradiation also has many applications related to carbon nanotubes. It has been demonstrated by experimental and theoretical studies that irradiation can be used for nano-engineering of carbon nanotubes [7,8]. For example, focused electron beams were shown to result in welding of crossed single-wall carbon nanotubes to form molecular junctions [9], and molecular dynamics simulations showed how such junctions might also be produced by irradiation by Ar + ions [10]. Irradiation by 1.25-MeV electrons at high temperature (800 • C) was able to coalesce neighbouring Ndoped SWNTs as a result of defect formation followed by thermal annealing [11]. Using irradiation by Ar + ions, Stahl et al. [12] introduced defects in the SWNTs in the upper part of a bundle of loosely coupled SWNTs before depositing gold contacts on top of the bundle. They found that to avoid the defects, the current switched to undamaged nanotubes in the lower part of the bundle, tunnelling being the transfer mechanism between nanotubes.In previous work [13], we observed local modifications of the electronic structure in atomically resolved scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) images of multi-wal...

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Reduced contact resistance between an individual single-walled carbon nanotube and a metal electrode by a local point annealing

Cited by 79 publications

References 18 publications

Direct imaging of Joule heating dynamics and temperature profiling inside a carbon nanotube interconnect

Direct imaging of Joule heating dynamics and temperature profiling inside a carbon nanotube interconnect

Electrothermal Bonding of Carbon Nanotubes to Glass

Ion irradiation effects on conduction in single-wall carbon nanotube networks

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