Recycling Of the Epoxy Resin of the Waste Printed Circuit Boards Using Solvent Extraction

Zhuan, Lin; Wang, Hua; Qing, Shan

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.3140

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Indeed, numerous studies have been reported in the area of nitric acid decomposition, such as in the cases of CFRPs 29,30 and waste printed circuit boards. 31,32 In addition, applications of the decomposed resin from aminecured epoxy resins as an oil absorption material have been reported, 33,34 and our group has also reported the applications as a catalyst for acid-anhydride-cured epoxy resins. 35,36 Thus, we herein report the creation of a closed loop of materials by utilizing resins decomposed in nitric acid as an amine curing agent.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In this study, we focused on the nitric acid decomposition of amine-cured epoxy resins. Indeed, numerous studies have been reported in the area of nitric acid decomposition, such as in the cases of CFRPs , and waste printed circuit boards. , In addition, applications of the decomposed resin from amine-cured epoxy resins as an oil absorption material have been reported, , and our group has also reported the applications as a catalyst for acid-anhydride-cured epoxy resins. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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New Approach to Recycling of Epoxy Resins Using Nitric Acid: Regeneration of Decomposed Products through Hydrogenation

Hanaoka

Arao

Kayaki

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Due to the increase in the amount of produced epoxy resin waste, it is desirable to recycle this material to reduce the burden on the environment. Despite many studies focusing on recovering fibers from composites, few studies have focused on recycling the resin itself. In this study, we developed a new approach for recycling the decomposed amine-cured epoxy resin as an amine curing agent. Following the decomposition of the epoxy resin in nitric acid, a nitrated and decomposed resin product was extracted from the nitric acid solution. The resulting extract was then hydrogenated to convert the nitro group into amino group, and the hydrogenated extract was incorporated into the epoxy resin by replacing a portion of the original curing agent. The obtained recycled resin exhibited a higher tensile strength and comparable tensile modulus compared to the virgin resin due to the presence of aromatic amino groups. Moreover, when 20 mass% of the curing agent was replaced with the hydrogenated extract, the recycled resin with the optimized formulation exhibited tensile strength comparable to that of the virgin one. This approach demonstrates a novel recycling method for creating a closed loop of amine-cured epoxy resins.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

New Approach to Recycling of Epoxy Resins Using Nitric Acid: Regeneration of Decomposed Products through Hydrogenation

Hanaoka

Arao

Kayaki

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…It consists of first dissolving or decomposing their epoxy resins constituents. Early reports proposed to use concentrated nitric acid (8 N) at 80 • C for 3h, but yields were small [69,70]. Zhu et al, proposed to use Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) instead [39,71].…”

Section: Dismantling Via Epoxy Resin Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dismantling of Printed Circuit Boards Enabling Electronic Components Sorting and Their Subsequent Treatment Open Improved Elemental Sustainability Opportunities

et al. 2021

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This critical review focuses on advanced recycling strategies to enable or increase recovery of chemical elements present in waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs). Conventional recycling involves manual removal of high value electronic components (ECs), followed by raw crushing of WPCBs, to recover main elements (by weight or value). All other elements remain unrecovered and end up highly diluted in post-processing wastes or ashes. To retrieve these elements, it is necessary to enrich the waste streams, which requires a change of paradigm in WPCB treatment: the disassembly of WPCBs combined with the sorting of ECs. This allows ECs to be separated by composition and to drastically increase chemical element concentration, thus making their recovery economically viable. In this report, we critically review state-of-the-art processes that dismantle and sort ECs, including some unpublished foresight from our laboratory work, which could be implemented in a recycling plant. We then identify research, business opportunities and associated advanced retrieval methods for those elements that can therefore be recovered, such as refractory metals (Ta, Nb, W, Mo), gallium, or lanthanides, or those, such as the platinum group elements, that can be recovered in a more environmentally friendly way than pyrometallurgy. The recovery methods can be directly tuned and adapted to the corresponding stream.

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“…Various separation processes of metal and nonmetallic ingredients of MWPCBs viz. physical recycling processes (e.g., shredding, hammer milling, ball milling, corona discharge separation, magnetic separation, eddy current separation, air classification, flotation, gravity separation, and density-based separation), − thermal processing (pyrolysis, gasification, and plasma treatment), − hydrometallurgical processing, , and solvent extraction (dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide, N -dimethyl pyrrolidone, and ionic liquids) − had been reported in last few decades. In recent years, hydrometallurgical processes attracted particular attention for the treatment of WPCBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printed Circuit Board-Derived Glass Fiber-Epoxy Resin-Supported Mo–Cu Bimetallic Catalyst for Glucose Synthesis

Barman

Chakraborty

2018

ACS Omega

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A glass fiber-epoxy resin (GFER) framework derived from mixed waste printed circuit boards (MWPCBs) was utilized to prepare a cost-effective, reusable Mo–Cu bimetallic Bronsted–Lewis solid acid catalyst through wet-impregnation under near-infrared radiation (NIRR) activation. The efficacy of the novel Mo–Cu catalyst was assessed in the synthesis of glucose through hydrolysis of jute ( Corchorus olitorius ) fiber, and the process parameters were optimized (Mo precursor loading: 1.0 wt %, catalyst concentration: 5 wt %, hydrolysis temperature: 80 °C, and hydrolysis time: 10 min) through Taguchi orthogonal design. The GFER support and the prepared catalysts were characterized through thermogravimetric, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET)–density functional theory, and TPD analyses. The optimal Mo–Cu catalyst and the GFER support possessed 45.377 and 7.049 m 2 /g BET area, 0.04408 and 0.02317 cc/g pore volume, 1.9334 and 0.7482 nm modal pore size, and surface acidity of 0.48 and 0.40 mmol NH 3 /g catalyst, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy bands confirmed the coexistence of Mo 6+ and Cu 2+ species; XRD and FTIR analyses indicated the presence of MoO 3 and CuO crystalline phases in all prepared catalysts. The optimal catalyst prepared through NIRR (wavelength 0.75–1.4 μm)-activated hydrothermal treatment resulted in a significantly greater glucose yield (75.84 mol %) than that achieved (53.64 mol %) using a conventionally prepared catalyst. Thus, an energy-efficient application of NIRR (100 W) could significantly improve catalytic properties over conventional hydrothermal treatment (500 W). The present investigation provides an innovative application of MWPCB-derived GFER as a promising cost-effective support for the preparation of highly efficient inexpensive solid catalysts for sustainable synthesis of glucose from low-cost waste jute fiber.

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Recycling Of the Epoxy Resin of the Waste Printed Circuit Boards Using Solvent Extraction

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

New Approach to Recycling of Epoxy Resins Using Nitric Acid: Regeneration of Decomposed Products through Hydrogenation

New Approach to Recycling of Epoxy Resins Using Nitric Acid: Regeneration of Decomposed Products through Hydrogenation

Dismantling of Printed Circuit Boards Enabling Electronic Components Sorting and Their Subsequent Treatment Open Improved Elemental Sustainability Opportunities

Printed Circuit Board-Derived Glass Fiber-Epoxy Resin-Supported Mo–Cu Bimetallic Catalyst for Glucose Synthesis

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