Recurrent leiomyoma of the vulva mimicking peripheral nerve sheath tumour

Abstract

Leiomyoma, a benign monoclonal tumour, is very rarely found in extrauterine sites, especially in the vulval region. Histopathology of the soft tissue tumours affecting this region is similar and immunohistochemistry (IHC) may be essential to confirm the diagnosis. We report a case of a 63-year-old postmenopausal woman who presented with a recurrent vulval mass involving the clitoris and left labia majora with suspected urethral involvement. Although the wedge biopsy was reported as peripheral nerve sheath tumour, staining with smooth muscle actin clinched the diagnosis of leiomyoma, highlighting the importance of IHC for diagnosis.

Vulvar leiomyoma in an adolescent girl: a case report and review of the literature

“…Kothandaraman et al . reported a case of vulvar leiomyoma with recurrence after 4 years of primary excision [ 2 ]. Hence, the chances for recurrence and the need for regular long-term follow-up need to be explained to the patient [ 14 ].…”

“…On follow-up of these patients, only one patient with vulvar leiomyoma had recurrence after 10 years. Kothandaraman et al reported a case of vulvar leiomyoma with recurrence after 4 years of primary excision [2]. Hence, the chances for recurrence and the need for regular long-term follow-up need to be explained to ?…”

“…Leiomyomas are well-circumscribed, benign soft tissue neoplasms of mesenchymal origin, with the uterus being the most frequent site [ 1 ]. Extrauterine leiomyomas are extremely rare, and can originate from vulva, vagina, ovaries, urinary bladder, urethra, round ligaments, uterosacral ligaments, inguinal canal, retroperitoneum, sinonasal cavities, and kidney [ 2 ]. Leiomyoma of the vulva is extremely rare, accounting for only 0.03% of all gynecological tumors and 0.07% of all vulvar neoplasms [ 3 ].…”

A rare case of benign vulvovaginal leiomyoma: Case report and literature review

“…One case even died of a leiomyosarcoma of the vulva [ 17 ]. Therefore, it is recommended to surgically remove any vulval mass for proper histological and immunological examination [ [8] , [9] , [10] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] ]. This should be performed after proper ultrasonographic examination or even magnetic resonance imaging to determine preoperative soft tissue invasion [ 18 ] and to differentiate between a Bartholin gland cyst and a leiomyoma [ 7 ].…”