Recreational exposure to microcystins during algal blooms in two California lakes

Backer, Lorraine C.; McNeel, Sandra V.; Barber, Terry; Kirkpatrick, Barbara; Williams, Christopher D.; Irvin, Mitch; Zhou, Yue; Johnson, Trisha B.; Nierenberg, Kate; Aubel, Mark T.; LePrell, Rebecca; Chapman, Andrew D.; Foss, Amanda J.; Corum, Susan; Hill, Vincent R.; Kieszak, Stephanie; Cheng, Yung‐Sung

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.07.006

Cited by 195 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Of note, 94% of cases were connected with routine monitoring efforts compared with event-response. Separate studies have also demonstrated that human cyanotoxin exposure in freshwater settings can occur from toxin aerosolization (Cheng et al, 2007;Backer et al, 2010). Microcystins have also been detected in human blood serum after exposure (Soares et al, 2006;Yuan et al, 2006;Chen et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanotoxins in inland lakes of the United States: Occurrence and potential recreational health risks in the EPA National Lakes Assessment 2007

et al. 2016

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanotoxins in inland lakes of the United States: Occurrence and potential recreational health risks in the EPA National Lakes Assessment 2007

et al. 2016

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“…Crops may be contaminated by irrigation with water harboring algae. Inhalation of aerosols containing BMAA has been identified as another route of exposure (Stommel, Field, & Caller, 2013), similar to that of aerosolized MC (Backer et al, 2008(Backer et al, , 2010. Aerosols can arise for example through wave action, splashing, boating, showering, water hose mists, humidifier use as well as bubble formation (Schlichting, 1974) and exposure to biofilms in cooling towers (Hauer, Capek, & Bohmova, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Nearshore Occurrence of the Neurotoxin β N methylamino L alanine (BMAA) in Lake Winnipeg, Canada

Pip¹,

Munford²,

Bowman³

2016

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Seasonal fluctuation patterns of the neurotoxic amino acid β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) were examined at four-day intervals during the ice-free season in water at three nearshore stations in the south basin of Lake Winnipeg, Canada. BMAA patterns were significantly exponentially correlated with concurrent phaeophytin, and inversely with chlorophyll a, indicating that free BMAA concentrations increased as blooms declined. BMAA was also significantly related to preceding microcystin concentrations, and as chlorophyll a declined, the proportion of BMAA relative to microcystin increased. Cross correlations identified significant relationships between BMAA and immediately preceding nitrate-N/inorganic phosphorus ratios, nitrate-N, rainfall, and a marginal inverse correlation with inorganic phosphorus. Total suspended solids levels were also significantly associated with BMAA, likely due to shading effects. A very high BMAA concentration was found under collapse of intense bloom conditions. These results have implications for water quality monitoring, nutrient management strategies and public health.

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“…Mason Lake is within the heavily used recreational area of the William R. Mason Regional Park, and is located very close to the Newport Back Bay Estuary, which is a habitat for a number of rare and endangered birds. The high concentrations of MCY at these sites suggest serious health implications for both wildlife and humans since there are multiple routes of recreational exposure (Lé vesque et al 2004;Backer et al 2008;Backer et al 2010). The ubiquity of cyanobacteria is of concern in these coastal water bodies, which provide critical habitat for resident and migratory birds and fish, and are often sites of human recreational activities in this urbanized landscape (McLaughlin et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have increased in frequency and intensity worldwide in recent decades (Carmichael 2008;Heisler et al 2008;Hudnell and Dortch 2008;Paerl and Huisman 2009;O'Neil et al 2012;Paerl and Paul 2012). Cyanotoxins from harmful bloom-forming cyanobacteria (CyanoHABs) cause a number of negative impacts, including illness and mortality in humans, domestic pets, wildlife, and livestock; oxygen depletion; taste and odor problems; depressed growth of aquatic macrophytes; and loss of water quality (Paerl 1988;Carmichael 2001;Izaguirre and Taylor 2004;Lé vesque et al 2004;Paerl and Fulton 2006;Backer et al 2008;Backer et al 2010, Backer et al 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Assessment of Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins in Southern California Lentic Habitats

Magrann

Meredith

Sutula

et al. 2015

EMSD

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Harmful bloom-forming cyanobacteria (CyanoHABs) and associated toxins are increasingly prevalent world-wide. We conducted a screening-level study to determine if cyanobacteria and associated cyanotoxins were present in Southern California coastal lakes, ponds, and seasonally tidal lagoons. We evaluated waterbody nutrient status and physiochemical parameters, land use, waterbody type, and habitat type, to determine their utility as screening factors for risk of CyanoHAB blooms. One-time grab samples were collected from 30 sites during July-September 2009. Samples were analyzed for phytoplankton taxonomic composition, nutrients, other physiochemical parameters, and three cyanotoxins: microcystins (MCY), anatoxin-a, and cylindrospermopsin. Cyanobacteria was the predominant taxonomic group in most water bodies in this study, and Microcystis spp. was the predominant genus in 96% of the study sites. Cyanobacteria were equally prevalent among coastal lagoons, depressional wetlands, and lakes in this study. We detected MCY in high concentrations in 10% of our sites, but neither anatoxin-a nor cylindrospermopsin were detected. All of the MCY-positive sites exceeded California action levels for recreational use and World Health Organization (WHO) guidance for human health effects. The prevalence of Microcystis spp. from all study sites indicates a high potential for MCY in these water bodies, although the one-time toxin grab samples likely underestimated the overall toxicity of these sites. Landscape variables, such as developed land use and dominant habitat type, were not found to be predictive indicators of cyanobacterial dominance. However, because cyanobacteria become consistently dominant when chlorophyll-a levels exceed 15 µg L -1 , chlorophyll-a can serve as a significant predictor of MCY.

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Recreational exposure to microcystins during algal blooms in two California lakes

Cited by 195 publications

References 26 publications

Cyanotoxins in inland lakes of the United States: Occurrence and potential recreational health risks in the EPA National Lakes Assessment 2007

Cyanotoxins in inland lakes of the United States: Occurrence and potential recreational health risks in the EPA National Lakes Assessment 2007

Seasonal Nearshore Occurrence of the Neurotoxin β N methylamino L alanine (BMAA) in Lake Winnipeg, Canada

Screening Assessment of Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins in Southern California Lentic Habitats

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