Recovery and Characterization of a Minute Virus of Canines

To survey for canine bocavirus (CBoV) infection, 83 Korean dogs showing several clinical signs were collected in different provinces from January 2013 to July 2014. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization, CBoVs were detected in intestine and/or lung samples of 8 dogs (9.6%). To reveal the genetic characteristics of CBoVs, partial or complete regions of CBoVs were sequenced. In phylogenetic trees, 8 CBoVs fell into three clusters. The CBoV strains 13D226-1, 13D250, and 14Q216 were closely related to the CBoV HK831F strain, and the CBoV 14D142 strain was related to the CBoV HK882F strain. Lastly, CBoV 13D003, 13D095, 14D193, and 14Q209 strains were related to CBoV Dis-023, Dis-040, and Dis-046 strains. Interestingly, no canine pathogens were found in dogs in which four CBoVs (13D003, 13D0095, 14D142, and 14D193 strains) were detected and three of them (13D003, 13D095, and 14D193 strains) had a unique deletion (18 nucleotides) in the VP2 gene. Further, the open reading frame 4 (ORF4) region was absent in these 4CBoVs, but found in the other strains, which indicates that the absence of the ORF4 region rather than a unique deletion may have an influence on the pathogenesis of CBoV in dogs.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characteristics of canine bocaviruses in Korean dogs

Choi

Lee

et al. 2015

“…In addition to canine parvovirus 2, several viruses from the genus Bocaparvovirus were identified in dogs. This genus was named according to the initial members, bovine parvovirus and Minute virus of canines (MVC) and has an additional open reading frame between the NS1 and VP1 gene (Binn et al, 1970;Manteufel and Truyen, 2008;Spahn et al, 1966;Storz et al, 1978). Besides bovine parvovirus and MVC, several new members of this genus were detected recently in humans and in various animal species with and without respiratory, enteric, or neurological disease symptoms or signs (Allander et al, 2005;Mitui et al, 2012;Schildgen et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel canine bocavirus strain associated with severe enteritis in a dog litter

Bodewes

Lapp²,

Hahn³

et al. 2014

Bocaviruses are small non-enveloped viruses with a linear ssDNA genome, that belong to the genus Bocaparvovirus of the subfamiliy Parvovirinae. Bocavirus infections are associated with a wide spectrum of disease in humans and various mammalian species. Here we describe a fatal enteritis associated with infection with a novel strain of canine bocavirus 2 (CaBoV-2), that occurred in a litter of German wirehaired pointers. Necropsy performed on three puppies revealed an enteritis reminiscent of canine parvovirus associated enteritis, accompanied with signs of lymphocytolytic disease in bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes and thymus. While other major causes of enteritis of young dogs, including canine parvovirus, were excluded, by random PCR in combination with next-generation sequencing, a novel CaBoV-2 strain was detected. Phylogenetic analysis of the genome of this novel canine bocavirus strain indicated that this virus was indeed most closely related to group 2 canine bocaviruses. Infection with canine bocavirus was confirmed by in situ hybridization, which revealed the presence of CaBoV-2 nucleic acid in the intestinal tract and lymphoid tissues of the dogs. In a small-scale retrospective analysis concerning the role of CaBoV-2 no additional cases were identified. The findings of this study provide novel insights into the pathogenicity of canine bocaviruses.

“…Because only a few MVC strains were available (Binn et al, 1970;Mochizuki et al, 2002), the genetic relation between MVC strains of different origin has not been studied previously. In the present study, the genomes of five MVC strains were compared.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), canine coronavirus (CCoV), canine adenoviruses (CAV), and canine distemper virus (CDV) are well-established pathogens of pups as well as adult dogs that possess either no or insufficient immunity. By contrast, another canine virus, minute virus of canines (MVC) (Binn et al, 1970) has been considered to be a ''non-pathogenic orphan virus'' (Carmichael, 1999). MVC, also known as canine parvovirus type 1 (Carmichael, 1987) or canine bocavirus (Manteufel and Truyen, 2008), and CPV-2 are unrelated parvovirus species belonging to different genera of the Parvoviridae (Macartney et al, 1988;Mochizuki et al, 2002;Schwartz et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…more serious disease may occur under certain field conditions (Harrison et al, 1992;Jä rplid et al, 1996;Pratelli et al, 1999). By contrast, the pathogenic potential of MVC for adult dogs has been considered to be minimal (Binn et al, 1970;Carmichael et al, 1991Carmichael et al, , 1994Hashimoto et al, 2001;Mochizuki et al, 2002). Genetic analysis has shown that the genomic structure of MVC is similar to those of bovine parvoviruses (BPV) and human bocaviruses (HBoV), and the genome size of an American GA3 strain is 5402 nucleotides in length (Schwartz et al, 2002;Sun et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A minute virus of canines (MVC: canine bocavirus) isolated from an elderly dog with severe gastroenteritis, and phylogenetic analysis of MVC strains

Ohshima

Kawakami

Abe³

et al. 2010

Two of the three adult dogs kept in a family developed severe gastroenteritis. From the feces of one of the affected dogs a minute virus of canines (MVC) was detected by PCR and virus isolation. That this virus had recently infected the dogs was indicated by high anti-MVC antibody titers of their sera. No other virus commonly associated with canine gastrointestinal disease was implicated. As no previous association of MVC infection and disease in aged dogs had been described, further characterization of the isolated virus was performed to determine if it had unique pathogenic or genetic properties. Experimental infection of adult dogs did not result in clinical disease and comparison of the viral genome with other MVCs did not reveal any novel elements. The American, Japanese and Korean MVC strains studied were closely related to bocaviruses of bovine and human origin, and appeared to have evolved uniquely in the dog population after dividing from the common ancestor of bocaviruses. Further detailed clinical and virological studies are warranted to define the role of MVCs in disease in adult dogs.