Recovering value from single stream material recovery facilities – An outbound contamination analysis in Florida

Damgacioğlu, Haluk; Hornilla, M.; Bafail, Omer A.; Celik, Nurcin

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.11.020

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…More than 88% was exported to countries with greater than 20% inadequately managed waste, with the vast majority exported to China and Hong Kong (table S1). Contamination of materials collected for recycling is unavoidable because of the difficulty and associated high cost of sorting plastics by resin type, especially in "single stream" recycling programs where materials are mixed during collection and then mechanically and manually separated at a materials recovery facility (MRF) (21). Separated material compressed into bales is classified by grade, defined by contamination specifications, to standardize the commodity trading of these materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The United States’ contribution of plastic waste to land and ocean

Law

Starr²,

Siegler³

et al. 2020

Sci. Adv.

327

176

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Plastic waste affects environmental quality and ecosystem health. In 2010, an estimated 5 to 13 million metric tons (Mt) of plastic waste entered the ocean from both developing countries with insufficient solid waste infrastructure and high-income countries with very high waste generation. We demonstrate that, in 2016, the United States generated the largest amount of plastic waste of any country in the world (42.0 Mt). Between 0.14 and 0.41 Mt of this waste was illegally dumped in the United States, and 0.15 to 0.99 Mt was inadequately managed in countries that imported materials collected in the United States for recycling. Accounting for these contributions, the amount of plastic waste generated in the United States estimated to enter the coastal environment in 2016 was up to five times larger than that estimated for 2010, rendering the United States’ contribution among the highest in the world.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The United States’ contribution of plastic waste to land and ocean

Law

Starr²,

Siegler³

et al. 2020

Sci. Adv.

327

176

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… Thoden van Velzen et al, 2017 ) or refer to regions with very different collection and management practices (e.g. US; DEQ, 2011 , Damgacioglu et al, 2020 ). While modelling of environmental impacts from PPW management have been flourishing in the last years (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of post-consumer plastic packaging waste in the EU: Recovery rates, material flows, and barriers

2021

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Highlights We collected primary data on plants efficiencies and barriers hindering recycling. Recovery rates are higher for PET and HDPE and lower for films, PP, PS. Current EU27 PPW recycling rate is 15% excluding the exported waste (25% otherwise). Presence of films in the input-waste hampers recovery of target materials. Substantial improvements are needed in the recycling chain, primarily the collection.

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“…The findings in the research revealed similar MRF efficiency challenges that were highlighted in previous studies. The proposed MA methodology was able to predict the rejection of SRM by recycling facilities due to moisture content and contamination levels highlighted by Damgacioglu et al (2019) and Ciprian et al (2015). This research made it possible to estimate, in advance, the losses caused by the false discharge of 3D material in the 2D stream that was indicated by Feil et al (2017) as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Studies focused on MRF output contamination levels showed as high as 18.2% contamination level in plastics recovered from mixed MSW (The Waste and Resources Action Programme, 2009). Another case in a single stream MRF revealed that 73.29% of all the grit, fines, and sweepings were still present in the recovered glass, which allowed only 70.16% of the mixed glass to be recovered (Damgacioglu et al, 2019). The successful use of automated sorting lies in determining how each material stream responds when introduced to certain technologies or techniques.…”

Section: Current Ma Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The different MSW collection concepts used around the world can be placed in three main categories: a Single stream (or fully co-mingled) whereby all dry recyclables, i.e., paper (newspapers, magazines, office paper, etc. ), cardboard, plastic bottles and containers, aluminium and steel beverage cans, glass and liquid carton containers are co-mingled and collected in a single compartment of a waste transportation vehicle (Damgacioglu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Collection As Part Of Recovery and Avoidancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Can the New Waste Morphology Method Predict Sorting Plants Operational and Financial Challenges? A Case Study in Sharjah

Elrabaya

2021

EREM

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This article presents a new approach to analysing municipal waste (MSW) composition, which makes it possible to envisage sorting process efficiency and predict valuable secondary raw material (SRM) losses during sorting. The study also enables to foresee financial losses related to the quality recyclables that are reclaimed from MSW. In this article, samples from MSW delivered to Bee’ah site in Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) were analysed to define their composition. The novelty in this research was the mechanical and physical property analysis for the MSW components and the prediction mechanism used to foresee the possible recovery rate of a potential mechanical sorting process. The results were compared with those that would be obtained from traditional composition analysis to end up with shocking results. It was concluded that any mechanical sorting process, designed based on traditional analysis data, is mostly to face tremendous operational and financial challenges in the UAE. This is due to the input material shape, size, moisture content and other factors that change the way SRM components respond to sorting mechanisms. The study was able not only to explain the challenges faced by all the UAE sorting facilities, but also to show how to prevent such unsatisfactory performance in the future. The study concluded the reasons behind the MSW component deterioration and provided additional recommendations to extract more benefits from the new waste morphology approach.

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Recovering value from single stream material recovery facilities – An outbound contamination analysis in Florida

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

The United States’ contribution of plastic waste to land and ocean

The United States’ contribution of plastic waste to land and ocean

Recycling of post-consumer plastic packaging waste in the EU: Recovery rates, material flows, and barriers

Can the New Waste Morphology Method Predict Sorting Plants Operational and Financial Challenges? A Case Study in Sharjah

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