2019
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3707-y
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Abstract: Although short-range large-droplet transmission is possible for most respiratory infectious agents, deciding on whether the same agent is also airborne has a potentially huge impact on the types (and costs) of infection control interventions that are required.The concept and definition of aerosols is also discussed, as is the concept of large droplet transmission, and airborne transmission which is meant by most authors to be synonymous with aerosol transmission, although some use the term to mean either large… Show more

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Cited by 629 publications
(701 citation statements)
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References 85 publications
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“…The "contact-tracing" performed by epidemiologists carefully tracks who came into "close contact" with a patient under investigation, but it cannot tell you how the virus itself was transferred from the contagious person to those whom they infected. There is broad agreement in the infectious disease community about possible modes of respiratory virus transmission between humans (Tellier et al 2019). Direct or indirect "contact" modes require a susceptible individual to physically touch themselves with, for example, a virus-contaminated hand; "direct" indicates that person-to-person contact transfers the virus between infected and susceptible hosts (such as by a handshake), while "indirect" implies transmission via a "fomite," which is an object like a hand-rail or paper tissue that has been contaminated with infectious virus.…”
Section: Editorialmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The "contact-tracing" performed by epidemiologists carefully tracks who came into "close contact" with a patient under investigation, but it cannot tell you how the virus itself was transferred from the contagious person to those whom they infected. There is broad agreement in the infectious disease community about possible modes of respiratory virus transmission between humans (Tellier et al 2019). Direct or indirect "contact" modes require a susceptible individual to physically touch themselves with, for example, a virus-contaminated hand; "direct" indicates that person-to-person contact transfers the virus between infected and susceptible hosts (such as by a handshake), while "indirect" implies transmission via a "fomite," which is an object like a hand-rail or paper tissue that has been contaminated with infectious virus.…”
Section: Editorialmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…21 Several factors affect the emergence and spread of an infectious disease outbreak within countries and between regions, including the strength of IHR capacities at the national and subnational levels, adherence to infection prevention and control measures, climate-related pressures, and the density of populations. 8,16,22 When an outbreak is caused by an airborne pathogen, population density or crowding is known to directly affect spread of infection. 22 Analysis of other risk variables associated with tackling an infectious disease outbreak and managing health emergencies would benefit understanding of existing country capacities, including vulnerabilities due to socioeconomic conditions, comorbid conditions, and lack of health infrastructure, which we did not take into account.…”
Section: Level 5: >80%mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…8,16,22 When an outbreak is caused by an airborne pathogen, population density or crowding is known to directly affect spread of infection. 22 Analysis of other risk variables associated with tackling an infectious disease outbreak and managing health emergencies would benefit understanding of existing country capacities, including vulnerabilities due to socioeconomic conditions, comorbid conditions, and lack of health infrastructure, which we did not take into account.…”
Section: Level 5: >80%mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Transmission of respiratory viruses generally happens through large respiratory droplets, but some respiratory viruses can spread through fine particle aerosols [10], and indirect transmission via fomites can also play a role. Coronaviruses can also infect the human gastrointestinal tract [11,12], and faecal-oral transmission might also play a role in this instance.…”
Section: Transmission Dynamicsmentioning
confidence: 99%