Rechargeable Aqueous Aluminum Organic Batteries

Abstract

Aqueous aluminum‐ion batteries (AABs) are regarded as promising next‐generation energy storage devices, and the current reported cathodes for AABs mainly focused on inorganic materials which usually implement a typical Al3+ ions (de)insertion mechanism. However, the strong electrostatic forces between Al3+ and the host materials usually lead to sluggish kinetics, poor reversibility and inferior cycling stability. Herein, we employ an organic compound with redox‐active moieties, phenazine (PZ), as the cathode material in AABs. Different from conventional inorganic materials confined by limited lattice spacing and rigid structure, the flexible organic molecules allow a large‐size Al‐complex co‐intercalation through reversible redox active centers (‐C=N‐) of PZ. This co‐intercalation behavior can effectively reduce desolvation penalty, and substantially lower the Coulombic repulsion during the ion (de)insertion process. Consequently, this organic cathode exhibits a high capacity and excellent cyclability, which exceeds those of most reported electrode materials for AABs. This work highlights the anion co‐intercalation chemistry of redox‐active organic materials, which is expected to boost the development of high‐performance multivalent‐ion battery systems.

Anode Materials for Rechargeable Aqueous Al‐Ion Batteries: Progress and Prospects

“…Chen et al . prove that this electrolyte is also suitable to couple with organic cathode materials [21] . They found that the battery shows the best performance in the 5 M Al(OTF) 3 electrolyte as compared to those in 0.5, 1 and 3 M electrolytes.…”

“…Chen et al prove that this electrolyte is also suitable to couple with organic cathode materials. [21] They found that the battery shows the best performance in the 5 M Al(OTF) 3 electrolyte as compared to those in 0.5, 1 and 3 M electrolytes. This is because an Al 3 + (OTF À ) a solvation structure can be formed when increasing electrolyte concentration.…”

“…(h) Cycling performance comparison with previous reports in auqeous AIBs. Reproduced with permission [21] . Copyright 2021, Wiley‐VCH.…”

“…Due to the high charge density of Al 3 + ions and the strong electrostatic interaction between Al 3 + ions and host structure, [16] the cathode materials used in rechargeable aqueous AIBs usually exhibit tunnel structures with adequate accommodating channels or layer structures with large layer spacing, such as manganese oxide, [17] vanadium oxide, [18] Prussian blue analogues, [19] vanadium phosphate [15,20] and organic compounds. [21] Currently, research on rechargeable aqueous AIBs has been mainly focused on exploring suitable cathode materials and further optimization. Compared with the progress of cathode materials, limited information is available on the anode counterparts.…”

Stable aqueous aluminum-manganese photoelectrochemical cells with high-rate and high-efficiency abilities

“…However, the current non-aqueous halides ionic liquid electrolytes of high cost, severe corrosivity, air sensitivity, and environmental concerns have significantly restricted their practical applications [1][2][3] . In contrast, aqueous electrolytes with features of higher safety, lower cost, H2O/O2 insensitivity, and easier fabrication has attracted remarkable attention [4][5][6] . Among such battery prototype, manganese oxides with layered structure and high energy density are widely employed as the positive electrode materials for assembling aqueous aluminum ion batteries (AAIBs).…”