Recent developments and prospects for algae-based fuels in the US

Ziolkowska, Jadwiga R.; Simon, Leo K.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2013.09.021

Cited by 84 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Most of all, our limited understanding of microalgae, including microalgal biofuel, will remain the most fundamental cause of the unacceptably high cost of research and production (as well as the discussion in Section 3.2), which is a bottleneck for the further development of microalgal biofuel for a long time to come. The high costs as well as microalgal biology, specific cultivation, harvesting, dewatering, and extraction requirements have limited the development of this technology for many years [75]. With the aim of commercialization, the potential solutions to some impediments, including impossibly high demands on certain key resources, the high cost of production, and the need to achieve an energy ratio of well above unity, are being investigated [10].…”

Section: The Challenges Of Microalgae Biofuel Production and Recent Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgal biofuel revisited: An informatics-based analysis of developments to date and future prospects

et al. 2015

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Section: The Challenges Of Microalgae Biofuel Production and Recent Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgal biofuel revisited: An informatics-based analysis of developments to date and future prospects

et al. 2015

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“…For example, in the context of an algal biofuel production pathway, the value of the residual biomass (after oil removal) depends on its compositional characteristics and affects the overall process economics [3][4][5]. Research to develop economically viable algal biofuel or bioproduct pathways is urgently needed and future deployment of successful processes will depend on reducing production costs and finding value from all biomass components [6][7][8][9][10]. As part of the overall technoeconomic modeling and process optimization there is a need to accurately track algal biomass components in and out of different unit operations and this includes accurate quantification of the protein content [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors revisited for applications of microalgal biomass conversion to food, feed and fuel

2015

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Keywords:Nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor Biofuel Bioproduct Amino acid Protein Total nitrogen Non-protein nitrogen Accurately determining protein content is important in the valorization of algal biomass in food, feed and fuel markets. Conversion of elemental nitrogen to protein is a well-accepted and widely practiced method, but depends on developing an applicable nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor. The most complete method to determine this factor takes six different hydrolyses of the subject material and these are not always carried out in reported literature studies. We report new data for conservative conversion factors determined from 21 algae samples along with over 50 amino acid profiles from the literature, representing distinct cultivation conditions for fresh and marine algae. We find that the amino acid profile among different algae samples is consistent, however the large variability between strains in non-protein nitrogen (up to 54% in microalgae) causes variability in the calculated conversion factor. We include our calculated novel nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors for model and commercially relevant biofuel algal strains and compare these with the literature.

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“…EU GHG emission reduction projection[17] Global increase in energy production by fuel sources[18] Algae cultivation methods (A) natural cultivation method, (B) artificial cultivation method (flat plate photobioreactor), (C) artificial cultivation method (tubular photobioreactor), (D) artificial cultivation method (column photobioreactor)[154] Diagram of algae biomass products Wastewater treatment application for algae cultivation[156] Algae biodiesel production by transesterification[71] Direct transesterification (single stage)[71] Conventional transesterification (two stages)[71] Anaerobic digestion conversion process Bioethanol production through fermentation process[12] Pyrolysis conversion process[9] Direct combustion process of algae biomass for energy generationFig. 14.…”

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confidence: 99%

Algae biofuel: Current status and future applications

Adeniyi

Azimov

Burluka

2018

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

347

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An algal feedstock or biomass may contain a very high oil fraction, and thus could be used for the production of advanced biofuels via different conversion processes. Its major advantage apart from its large oil fraction is the ability to convert almost all the energy from the feedstock into different varieties of useful products. In the research to displace fossil fuels, algae feedstock has emerged as a suitable candidate not only because of its renewable and sustainable features but also for its economic credibility based on the potential to match up with the global demand for transportation fuels. Cultivating this feedstock is very easy and could be developed with little or even no supervision, with the aid of wastewater not suitable for human consumption while absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. The overall potential for algae applications generally shows that this feedstock is still an untapped resource, and it could be of huge commercial benefits to the global economy at large because algae exist in millions compared to terrestrial plants. Algae applications are evident for everyday consumption via foods products, non-foods products, fuel, and energy. Biofuels derived from algae have no impact on the environment and the food supply unlike biofuels produced from crops. However, any cultivation method employed could control the operating cost and the technicalities involved, which will also influence the production rate and strain. The scope of this paper is to review the current status of algae as a potential feedstock with diverse benefit for the resolution of the global energy demand, and environmental pollution control of GHG.

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Recent developments and prospects for algae-based fuels in the US

Cited by 84 publications

References 22 publications

Microalgal biofuel revisited: An informatics-based analysis of developments to date and future prospects

Microalgal biofuel revisited: An informatics-based analysis of developments to date and future prospects

Nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors revisited for applications of microalgal biomass conversion to food, feed and fuel

Algae biofuel: Current status and future applications

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